模糊综合评判方法在查干湖水质评价中的应用  

Application of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method to Water Quality Evaluation of Chaganhu Lake

作　　者：单利平 田卫[1] 魏强[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130102 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《湿地科学》2015年第1期124-128,共5页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2009CB421103)资助

摘　　要：湖泊水质监测和评价是一项基础性工作,水质评价指标的选取决定了评价结果的准确性和可靠性。为了解决水质评价过程中指标间的信息重叠及评价结果的不确定性问题,2011年,在查干湖水源中的引松工程渠道来水水流经过的新庙泡高家桥、新庙泡西、查干湖码头和查干湖湖中心设置4个采样点,采集水样,测试水样的溶解氧、氨氮、总氮、总磷、化学需氧量(COD和CODMn)、五日生化需氧量和氟离子含量及p H;在对9个原始水质指标进行主成分分析的基础上,用模糊综合评判法,对水质进行综合评价。研究结果表明,各采样点的水质都在4月和7月污染比较严重,其原因可能是4月融雪径流和7月农业面源污染所致。查干湖中心采样点的水质污染最严重,其原因可能是查干湖中心还有其他污染源的汇入。Based on the principal component analysis, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the water quality of Chaganhu Lake, which is the largest wetlands of eastern semi-arid areas in China, by four sampling sites in 2011. The Chaganhu Lake wetlands are made up of different ecosystems such as lakes, swamps, and marshy meadows. Due to the droughts in the 1970 s, Chaganhu Lake cannot get water supplies and tend to be dry which caused the deterioration of water quality. In order to protect this precious resource, improve water quality, the water from the Second Songhua River has been introduced to Chaganhu Lake through Xinmiao Bubble in 1984. In order to evaluate the water quality of Chaganhu Lake, the nine indexes for water quality were determined, including p H, dissolved oxygen content, ammonia-nitrogen content,total nitrogen content, chemical oxygen demand content, content of chemical oxygen demand by the method of KMn O4, total phosphorus content, 5-day biochemical oxygen demand content, fluoride ion content. The results showed that compared to other months, the pollution of water body of Chaganhu Lake was more serious in April and July, 2011. It might be caused by the snowmelt runoff in April and pollution from agricultural activities in July. The sampling site in the center of Chaganhu Lake was more contaminated than others. It might be caused by other pollution sources which imported into the center of Chaganhu Lake.

关 键 词：水质评价 模糊综合评判 主成分分析 查干湖 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]