三种营养物质急性胁迫下菹草的生理生化特性  

Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Potamogeton crispus under Acute Stress of Three Nutrients

作　　者：尹传宝[1] 张翠英[1,2] 张敏[1] 刘自强[1] 王龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]徐州工程学院环境工程学院,江苏徐州221111 [2]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《湿地科学》2015年第1期129-134,共6页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家住房和城乡建设部科学技术计划项目(2012-K-79);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201311998017);江苏省高校自然科学基金项目(13KJD610003);徐州市科技计划项目(XM12B087)资助

摘　　要：以沉水植物菹草(Potamogeton crispus)为研究对象,研究了乙酸、氨氮和正磷酸盐单因子急性胁迫对菹草的现存量增加的百分比、生产力状况和叶绿素含量等生理生化特性的影响。结果表明,各浓度乙酸对菹草生长都表现明显的抑制作用,随着乙酸浓度的升高,菹草现存量增加的百分比、生产力和叶绿素含量不断下降,可见菹草不适宜在偏酸性条件下生长;当氨氮质量浓度低于1.5 mg/L时,菹草现存量增加的百分比、生产力和叶绿素含量随氨氮浓度的增加而升高,而当氨氮质量浓度高于7.5 mg/L时,其对菹草生长呈现抑制作用,且随着氨氮浓度升高其抑制作用增强,因此,低浓度氨氮促进菹草生长,而高浓度氨氮抑制菹草生长;各浓度正磷酸盐对菹草的生长都有促进作用,但随着正磷酸盐浓度的升高,其促进作用逐渐下降,故菹草可在高浓度的正磷酸盐环境中保持生长。The effects of single acute stress factors including acetic acid, ammonia nitrogen and phosphate on the physiological and biochemical characters of Potamogeton crispus assessed in this study. The results showed that acetic acid had an obviously inhibiting effect on Potamogeton crispus growth, its standing crop, productivity and chlorophyll content were gradually declined as acetic acid concentration was increasing from 2 mmol/L to 108 mmol/L. So the conditions of acidity was unsuitable for Potamogeton crispus growth. When ammonia nitrogen concentration was less than 1.5 mg/L, the standing crop, productivity and chlorophyll content of Potamogeton crispus were rised with ammonia nitrogen concentration increasing, but as it was more than 7.5 mg/L,the standing crop, productivity and chlorophyll content of Potamogeton crispus were dropped and its growth was inhibited. The growth of Potamogeton crispus was promoted at lower concentration of ammonia nitrogen but inhibited at higher concentration. Phosphate had an accelerating effect on Potamogeton crispus growth, and the effect was gradual declined with phosphate concentration increasing from 0.5 mg/L to 13.5 mg/L, Potamogeton crispus could grow in high phosphate concentration. Overgrowth of Potamogeton crispus and optimal harvest time could be controlled by changing p H of water, and through choosing rational concentration of ammonia nitrogen, outburst of Potamogeton crispus could be controlled.

关 键 词：菹草 乙酸 氨氮 正磷酸盐 急性胁迫 

分 类 号：Q556[生物学—生物化学]