新疆杏品种(系)遗传多样性分析及DNA指纹图谱库构建  

Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Construction of DNA Fingerprint Database of Xinjiang Apricot Varieties(Lines)

作　　者：刘娟[1] 廖康[1] 曼苏尔.那斯尔 孙琪[1] 刘欢[1] 贾杨[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学特色果树研究中心,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2015年第4期748-758,共11页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201304701);新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划(201130102);新疆杏产业发展关键技术集成与示范项目(200931101);新疆维吾尔自治区果树重点学科基金

摘　　要：【目的】从ISSR分子标记水平分析新疆主栽杏品种(系)的遗传多样性和亲缘关系,构建新疆杏品种(系)的DNA指纹图谱数据库,为杂交育种、品种鉴定和品种分类提供理论依据。【方法】从供试样品中选取表型差异较大的6份材料对100个ISSR引物进行筛选,最终筛选出条带清晰、主带明显、多态性丰富、能够稳定重复且对品种具有较高鉴别力的ISSR特征引物,对48个新疆杏品种(系)进行扩增,采用POPGENE version 1.32软件计算多态性位点数、多态性位点百分率、观测等位基因数(Na)、有效等位基因数(Ne)、Nei’s多样性指数(H)和Shannon信息指数(I),及各材料间的Nei’s遗传相似系数(GS)和遗传距离(GD),并利用NTSYS pc version2.10e软件根据Nei’s遗传相似系数采用UPGMA方法进行聚类,以此分析遗传多样性和亲缘关系;利用4个引物特异位点的不同组合及Gel2.0指纹图谱自动识别系统鉴别48个新疆主栽杏品种(系),并利用Gel2.0构建主栽杏品种(系)的DNA指纹图谱库。【结果】从100个ISSR引物中筛选到重复性好、多态性丰富的4个引物作为特征引物,分别为UBC809、UBC836、UBC844和UBC850,共扩增出78个位点,其中73个为多态性位点,平均多态性位点百分率为93.13%,其中引物UBC844多态性位点百分率最高,为100.00%;48个新疆主栽杏品种(系)的观测等位基因数、有效等位基因数、Nei’s基因多样性和Shannon信息指数的平均值分别为1.9313、1.4368、0.2622和0.4028,说明各品种(系)的遗传多样性相对较丰富。‘黄肉油杏’和‘大五月杏’的遗传相似系数为0.8846,遗传距离为0.1226;‘库曼提’和‘索格佳娜丽’的遗传相似系数为0.5641,遗传距离为0.5725。将4个引物两两组合起来,可快速、准确地鉴别46个杏品种(系),只有‘辣椒杏’和‘伊犁阿克玉吕克’需要3个引物组合才能鉴别出来,利用这4个ISSR特征引物通过Gel2.0指纹图谱自动识别系�【Objective】The genetic diversity and relationship of Xinjiang apricot varieties（lines） were studied at molecular level by ISSR,and the DNA fingerprinting database was also established.The result of the study will give the cross breeding,classification and the identification some guidance.【Method】Six materials with different phenotypes were selected to screen the characteristic primers from 100 ISSR primers which were have clear stripe and main band,rich polymorphism,repeatability,and the varieties with high resolution.The genetic diversity of 48 Xinjiang apricot varieties（lines） were analyzed by POPGENE version 1.32,the number of polymorphism and the percentage of polymorphic loci were calculated,the number of alleles,effective number of alleles,Nei＇s genetic diversity and Shannon information index,and genetic relationship were analyzed by NTSYS pc version2.10 e as well as the Nei＇s genetic similarity coefficient（GS） and the genetic distance（GD）.By using the characteristics,specific band of different primer combinations combined with Gel2.0 fingerprint automatic identification system,the apricot varieties（lines） in Xinjiang were identified,and the standard fingerprint database of apricot varieties（lines） was built using Gel2.0 fingerprint automatic identification system.【Result】Four ISSR primer pairs that with high polymorphism and good repeatability were selected from 100 ISSR primer pairs,and their names name respectively are UBC809,UBC836,UBC844 and UBC850 and they are regarded as specific primers.Four primer pairs produced 78 loci of which 73 were polymorphic.The percentage of polymorphic loci was 93.13%.UBC844 has the highest percentage of polymorphic loci of 100%.The average value of observed number of alleles,effective number of alleles,Nei＇s genetic diversity and Shannon information index were 1.9313,1.4368,0.2622 and 0.4028,respectively,showing that the genetic diversity of all varieties（lines） was relatively abundant.The similarity coefficient of P.armeniaca

关 键 词：新疆杏品种(系) 遗传多样性 DNA指纹图谱库 

分 类 号：S662.2[农业科学—果树学]