云南省中小学教师心理健康状况调查与分析  

Mental Health of Primary and Secondary Teachers in Yunnan Province

作　　者：余秋梅[1] 李里[1] 周波[1] 廖峻[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明学院心理咨询中心

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2015年第2期201-204,共4页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：云南省幼儿教师心理健康职业倦怠与主观幸福感的调查研究(编号:2014Y383)

摘　　要：目的:了解云南省中小学教师的心理健康现状,系统探讨人口学特征对教师心理健康水平的影响。方法:随机抽取云南省昆明市主城区、东川区、寻甸县、安宁市、嵩明县的460名中小学老师作为调查对象,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行调查。结果:云南省中小学教师SCL-90总均分及各因子得分均显著高于全国成人常模(P<0.001);SCL-90总分≥160分或任一因子分≥2分的阳性检出率为49.6%,检出率最高的分别是强迫和人际敏感;男教师偏执得分显著高于女教师(t=2.04,P<0.05);已婚教师和未婚教师在躯体化(t=3.12,P<0.01)和强迫(t=1.98,P<0.05)上得分差异显著;不同教龄教师的心理健康水平差异显著,且教龄10年以上教师的躯体化程度(F=6.03,P<0.01)和强迫程度(F=3.07,P<0.05)显著高于教龄不足10年老师;不同专业教师的心理健康水平差异具有统计学意义,且体育艺术类教师在敌对、偏执和精神病因子上(F=4.49,3.03,3.19;P<0.05)的得分显著高于文科教师和理科教师,文科教师和理科教师得分不存在差异。结论:云南省中小学教师的心理健康状况不容乐观,与全国大多数地区的调查结果相一致,突出问题是强迫症状和人际敏感。Objective：To explore the mental health level of primary and secondary school teachers in Yunnan province and try to explore systematically how it is affected by demographic characteristics. Methods：SCL- 90 was used to evaluate the mental health of ＇$80 teachers selected from Kunming main city zone, Dongchuan zone, Xundian county, Anning city and Songming county. Results： The SCL - 90 to- tal score, total average score and 10 subscale scores in primary and secondary school teachers were signifi- cantly higher than the norm. The incidence of psychological problem was 49.6%, The major mental symp- toms were obsessive - compulsive and interpersonal sensitivity; Male teachers scored higher than female in paranoia（t = 2.04,P 〈 0.05 ） ;Married teachers scored higher than singles in somatization （t = 3.12, P 〈 0.01 ）and obsessive- compulsive factor（t = 1.98 ,P 〈 0.05 ）, and the teachers of more than 10 years scored higher than those of less than 10 years in somatization（ F = 6.03, P 〈 0.01 ） and obsessive - com- pulsive factor（ F = 3.07, P 〈 0.05 ） ;Sports and arts teachers scored higher in hostility, paranoid and psy- choticism （ F = 4.49,3.03,3.19 ; P 〈 0.05 ） than liberal art and science teachers, and there was no differ- ence between the latter. Conclusion：The mental health level of primary and secondary teachers in Yun- nan is awful, they tend to show the same symptoms of obsessive - compulsive factor and interpersonal sen- sitivity as what has been studied in most area of China.

关 键 词：心理健康 中小学教师 症状自评量表 人口学特征 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]