不同配置方式林草地对土壤表层含水量的影响  

Effect of Different Configurations of Forest and Grassland to Topsoil Moisture

作　　者：贺翔宇[1] 马礼[1] 狄伟佳 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2015年第8期136-138,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41071068;40671006)

摘　　要：以地处阴山北麓丘陵区化德县七号镇为研究区,选择相互毗邻的、配置方式不同的林草地,在距地表30 cm深处采集土样,并测其含水量.结果表明：（1）草地土壤表层含水量总体高于灌木林地和乔木林地,自然草地高于人工草地和耕地.（2）平地柠条林地土壤表层含水量高于坡梁地,坡梁地上坡位土壤表层含水量不及中、下坡位.（3）柠条灌木林地耐旱性能较好,灌草带状相间是主要配置方式,造林密度以灌木带宽1 m,带间距6～8m宽为宜.（4）不同植被类型生态耗水量不同,耗水量大的植被会吸收利用毗邻耗水量小的植被地块的土壤水分.因此,半干旱区要因地制宜选择适宜的植被类型、科学的配置方式以及合理的管理措施,以减少土壤水分过度消耗,为即将开启的新一轮退耕还林草工程提供科学依据.Taking town VII, which is located in the Huade County of the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain hilly area as study area, selecting soil samples in the depth of 30 cm distance from the earth surface, in the adjacent to each other and different configurations of the forest and grassland, soil moisture was measured. The results show ： （ 1 ） On the whole, grassland soil water content is higher than shrub land and arbor for- est, meanwhile, natural grassland is higher than the artificial grassland and arable land. （2） Water-holding ability of soil in flatland is higher than the sloping fields. The soil water retention capacity of the upper sloping beams is lower than the middle and under. （3） Caragana shrub land has a good drought resistance performance, shrub and grass strip intereropping is the main configuration, and the silviculture density with shrubs bandwidth of 1 m, 6 m to 8 m wide band spacing is advisable. （4） The ecological water consumption of different vegetation types are not the same. Higher water consumption vegetation will absorb the soil moisture of the less water consumption vegetation in adjacent plots. Therefore, in order to prevent the excessive consumption of soil moisture in semi-arid region, we should choose the suitable vegetation types, the science con- figurations and reasonable management measures, providing a scientific basis for the opening of a new round of farmland to grassland engineering.

关 键 词：土壤表层含水量 退耕还林草 配置方式 化德县 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学] X37[农业科学—农业基础科学]