石河子垦区耕地土壤重金属调查及评价研究  

Investigation and Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soil in Shihezi Reclamation Area

作　　者：文雯[1] 侯振安[1] 闵伟[1] 张学顺[1] 李琦[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院资源与环境科学系,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2015年第1期137-144,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划"干旱半干旱区土壤农药污染控制与治理关键技术研究与示范"(2007BAC20B04);新疆生产建设兵团重大产学研合作科技专项"作物节水节肥高效有机;绿色生产关键技术研究与示范"(2010ZX03)

摘　　要：【目的】调查及评价石河子垦区耕地土壤8种重金属含量,为发展绿色农业产业和土壤质量建设提供基础数据及科学依据。【方法】以国家土壤环境质量二级标准和新疆土壤背景值为标准,应用单因子污染指数法、内梅罗综合指数法、潜在生态危害指数法对研究区土壤重金属环境质量进行评价。【结果】研究区土壤重金属的平均含量均低于国家土壤环境质量二级标准;Cd和Hg含量分别为新疆土壤背景值的4.3和4.7倍,积累最明显。Hg和As表现出明显的异源特征。依据国家土壤环境质量二级标准,研究区土壤重金属综合污染指数为0.68,属清洁(安全);但以新疆土壤背景值为评价标准,综合污染指数平均为4.21,已达到了重度污染水平;垦区土壤重金属含量总体处于较高潜在生态风险水平。【结论】研究区依然能够满足绿色农业生产发展的要求,但土壤重金属出现了明显的富集现象,应引起重视。[ Objective] The project aims to research and assess the contents of 8 extractable metals in the study area arable soil in to the hope of providinge basic data and scientific evidence for the development of green agriculture and improvement of soil quality. [ Method] Based on the Soil Environmental Quality Stand- ard II （GB15618 -1995） and Soil Background Value of Xinjiang,we used the single factor pollution index, Nemero index and potential ecological harm index to assess the extractable metal environment in the study area arable soil. [ Result ] The results indicated that the average content of heavy metal was lower than that of the national secondary standard. The contents of Cd and Hg were 4.3 and 4.7 times of the local soil background value,which showed a significant accumulation trend. The sources of Hg and As were obviously different. Na- tional secondary standard for the evaluation of standard integrated pollution index was 0.68, belonging to clean level （safety）, and the single biggest factor index was Cd element. Local soil background value standard inte- grated pollution index was 4.21, a severe pollution. The integrated potential ecological risk of soil heavy metals arrived at a strong ecological risk. [ Conclusion ] The research area meets the requirements of the development of green agriculture,while due attention should be given to the accumulation of extractable metals in the fu-ture.

关 键 词：土壤重金属 污染 评价 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学]