不同形态铁对饮用水消毒副产物的影响  

Influence of Various Iron Forms on Disinfection By-products in Drinking Water System

作　　者：赵宇[1] 王小 解跃峰[1] 杨宏伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境学院,北京100084

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2015年第6期7-11,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51290284)

摘　　要：铁是自然界中较为活泼的化学元素,在水处理流程的多个工艺中可与消毒剂、消毒副产物前体物以及消毒副产物发生作用。天然水中存在的铁离子会影响水处理流程中的消毒副产物生成量和种类,特别是使三卤甲烷尤其是三氯甲烷的生成量增加。铁盐作为水处理药剂,会对后续消毒过程中消毒副产物的生成造成一定影响,提高出水的致突变性。铁质管道中存在着较为复杂的成分,也能够与消毒副产物发生相互作用,三卤甲烷和卤乙酸等简单消毒副产物的量在管道中会增加,这是管道水中余氯和管壁上残存天然有机物和生物膜反应的结果;三氯乙腈、1,1,1-三氯丙酮、水合三氯乙醛等复杂消毒副产物会减少,这是由于铁和氧化铁会促进这些有机物的水解,同时这些消毒副产物的水解也会进一步增加三氯甲烷的含量。零价铁具有较强的还原能力,可以降解卤乙酸、卤代硝基甲烷等消毒副产物。Iron is more active chemical element in the nature, and it can interact with dlsmtectants and disinfection by-products （DBPs） precursor and DBPs in water treatment processes. The ferric and ferrous ions in source water can change the quantity and speciation of DBPs, especially increase the for- mation of trihalomethanes （THMs） （chloroform in particular）. Ferric and ferrous salts as coagulants and ferrate as oxidants for drinking water treatment would affect the formation of DBPs and potentially increase the mutagenic activity in the subsequent disinfection process. Complicated physical, chemical and biolog- ical reactions with DBPs would occur in the water distribution systems. The combined effect of free chlo- rine, natural organic matter and biofilms would increase the levels of terminal DBPs such as THMs and HAAs, while decrease in the levels of intermediate DBPs, such as trichloroacetonitrile, 1,1,1-trichloro- propanone, trichloroacetaldehdye hydrate was due to the increased hydrolysis rates in the existence of iron and iron oxide. The hydrolysis of intermediate DBPs would increase the level of chloroform. Zero-valent iron is a relatively strong reductant, which can be utilized for the degradation of some disinfection by- products such as haloacetic acids and chloropicrin.

关 键 词：水处理 饮用水 铁 消毒副产物 影响 浓度 种类分布 

分 类 号：TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]