基于时间扩展Petri网的实时嵌入式软件体系结构建模及可靠性评估  

Real-time Embedded Software Architecture Modeling and Reliability Estimation Based on Time-extended Petri Net

作　　者：许玉堂[1] 殷永峰[2] 孙静[3] 张弛[2] 刘斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学机电学院,北京100081 [2]北京航空航天大学可靠性与系统工程学院,北京100191 [3]中国兵器科学研究院,北京100089

出　　处：《兵工学报》2015年第2期363-373,共11页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：航空科学基金项目(20140751008);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(YWF-11-03-Q-114)

摘　　要：软件可靠性是软件质量评估最重要的指标之一,随着软件工程和组件重用技术的发展,近年来基于体系结构的软件可靠性评估已经成为工程研究的热点之一。为有效地提高软件可靠性,调研现有体系结构的可靠性评估模型,给出了现有体系结构模型的分类和模型代表,并分析了现有模型的不足。由于Petri具有良好的扩展性并且对异步和并行软件有良好的描述性,因此重点研究Petri网可靠性评估模型,通过划分时间变迁和瞬时变迁,并引入时间相关的可靠度,包括延时可靠度与时序可靠度,对Petri网进行了扩展,给出了时间扩展的Petri网进行体系结构建模方法。通过研究组件状态和系统可达状态的关系,创建可达状态转移矩阵,对系统进行可靠性评估。将所研究的方法应用于某航电嵌入式系统软件中,完成了体系结构建模及可靠性评估,并通过误差分析验证了该方法的有效性及准确性。Software reliability is one of the most important quality indices in software quality evaluation. With the development of software engineering and component reusing, the reliability analysis based on software architecture has become a researching hotspot. This paper puts a research on existed architecture-based reliability estimation models at first, then proposes existing architecture based reliability estimation types and typical models, putting forward the shortage of these models as well. As Petri net has a well expansibility and descriptive power of concurrency and asynchronism, this paper focuses on the research of Petri net model, divides transition into time transition and instant transition, and adds time-related reliability--time-delay reliability and temporal reliability, by this means establish the software archi-tecture modeling. The reachable state transition matrix is set up and the system reliability estimation is made by studing the relationship between component state and system reachable state. At last, the method is used in a avionics embedded software for architecture modeling, reliability estimation and error analysis, proving the effectiveness and accuracy of this method.

关 键 词：计算机软件 软件体系结构 可靠性评估 时间扩展Petri网 

分 类 号：TP391.5[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]