1414名制鞋业女性农民工抑郁症状调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of depressive symptoms among 1414 female migrant workers in shoe factories

作　　者：沈波[1] 陈艳[1] 王李仁[1] 刘宝英[2] 王洁琼[3] 

机构地区：[1]福州市疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350004 [2]福建医科大学公共卫生学院,福建福州350004 [3]南平市疾病预防控制中心,福建南平350300

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2015年第2期89-93,共5页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：福州市科技计划项目(2011-S-82-1)

摘　　要：目的探讨女性农民工抑郁症状与工作和社会压力的关系。方法整群随机抽取福州市两家大型鞋厂1 414名女性农民工进行问卷调查。问卷内容包括抑郁自评量表(CES-D)、付出-回报失衡量表(ERI)、生活压力问卷等。采用协方差分析、卡方检验、Pearson相关矩阵分析等方法进行分析。结果福州市鞋厂女性农民工抑郁症状的总平均分(15.5±7.1)高于全国城市女性常模(13.4±10.5)和对照人群(14.0±6.7),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);工作压力各因素评分("下班后放松"除外)在不同抑郁症状组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),且各因素的评分均随抑郁症状程度的增加呈剂量-反应关系;肯定抑郁症状组的生活压力因素得分高于无抑郁症状和可能抑郁症状组,得分随抑郁症状程度加重而增加(F=43.61,P<0.01);工作压力和生活压力与抑郁症状均呈一定的正相关(r=0.36、0.32,P<0.01)。结论工作压力和生活压力可能是女性农民工抑郁症状的危险因素之一。Objective To explore the association between depressive symptoms with family pressure and occupational stress among female migrant workers.Methods A cluster sample of 1414 female migrant workers were asked to participate in a questionnaire survey from two large shoe factories in Fuzhou.The questionnaires comprised questions based on center of epidemiology survey depression（CES-D）scale,effortreward imbalance（ERI）scale,family stress questionnaire.data was analyzed through using analysis of covariance,chi-square test,pearson＇s correlation.Results The score of depression symptoms among the subjects（15.5±7.1）was higher than the control group（14.0±6.7）or the national female norm（13.4±10.5）（P0.05）.The difference of the score of the work stress factors among depression groups were statistical significance except the relaxing after work（P0.01）,and each factor score all presented the dose-response relationship with the increase of the degree of depression symptoms.The scores at the group of definite depression symptoms were higher than the group of suspected and non-depression symptoms at all of the family pressure factors,and they were increased with the degree of depressive symptoms increased,the difference was statistically significant（F = 43.61,P 0.01）.There was positive correlation between occupational stress and family pressure with depressive symptoms（R = 0.36、0.32,P 0.01）.Conclusions Occupational stress and family stress may be the risk factor of depression symptoms among the female migrant workers.

关 键 词：抑郁症状 生活压力 职业压力 女性农民工 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]