某单位科技人员生命质量及影响因素分析  

Study on quality of life of the scientific researchers and its influential factors

作　　者：宋明瑛[1] 张勤[2] 兰亚佳[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院光电技术研究所,四川成都610041 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院劳动卫生学教研室,四川成都610041

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2015年第2期110-114,共5页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的评价科技人员生命质量,探讨影响生命质量的因素。方法采用工作内容量表核心问卷(JCQ)、疲劳量表、健康调查量表(SF-36)对某科研单位的科研技术人员进行问卷调查。将该职业人群的生命质量与四川省城市人群SF-36评分参考值进行比较,评价其生命质量,分析可能的影响因素。结果男性科技人员在躯体疼痛(BP)、总体健康(GH)、活力(VT)、社会功能(SF)4个维度方面与四川省男性存在明显差异,除SF得分比参比人群高外,其余3个维度得分均低于参比人群。女科技人员与四川省女性比较,生理功能(PF)、BP、GH、SF 4个维度得分存在明显差异。PF、SF得分高于参比人群,BP、GH得分低于参比人群。年龄在35岁以下的PF维度得分较高,而情感职能(RE)维度得分较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同职业紧张类型科技人员的生命质量得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),高紧张型的生命质量得分明显低于低紧张型。不同疲劳程度科技人员间生命质量比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),且随着疲劳程度的增加,生命质量下降。紧张类型、疲劳程度是影响生命质量的危险因素(P<0.05)。不同紧张类型出现生命质量低的OR值分别为:高紧张型为44.32,被动型为9.41,活跃型为4.95。不同疲劳程度出现生命质量低的OR值分别为:重度疲劳为16.32,轻度疲劳为8.16。结论职业紧张、疲劳是生命质量的危险因素。生命质量可以从生理、心理和社会适应多方面全方位的评价科技人员的健康状况。Objective To estimate the quality of life of scientific researchers,and discuss the factors which influence the quality of life.Methods JCQ,FS and SF-36 scales were used to assess stress,fatigue and quality of life of scientific researchers.To compare the scores of the SF-36 of scientific researchers with the norms of the Sichuan urban residents.Results The results showed that the values of male researchers had statistical significance in bodily pain BP,general health GH,vitality VT and social functioning SF scale from the reference value of male in Sichuan province.Except SF value,the four scale values were lower than the reference ones（P0.05）.Female researchers showed the lower values in bodily pain BP and general health GH,but higher in physical functioning PF and social functioning SF compared with norms.The values of the≥35age group were significantly higher than ones of other group in physical functioning PF,but lower in role emotional RE.The level of QOL indicated that statistics significance existed among the different types of occupational stress（P0.05）,and the level of QOL in high strain group was lower than low strain group.The level of QOL showed statistics significance existed among the different degrees of fatigue,which decreased with the degree increasing（P0.05）.The type of occupational stress and degree of fatigue were risk factors of QOL（P 0.05）.The OR values of low QOL of different stress types were 44.32（high strain）,9.41（passive）and 4.95（active）,respectively.The OR values of low QOL of different fatigue degrees were 16.32（severe fatigue）,and 8.16（mild fatigue）,respectively.Conclusions Occupational stress and fatigue were risk factors of QOL.QOL could evaluate health states of scientific researchers fromphysiological,psychological and social adaptation.

关 键 词：科技人员 生命质量 职业紧张 疲劳 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]