水分胁迫对北疆地区人工牧草产量的影响  

Effect of Water Seress to Artificial Forage Grass Yield in Northern Xinjiang Area

作　　者：刘虎[1] 魏永富[1] 郭克贞[1] 江伟 

机构地区：[1]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [2]福海县水利局,新疆福海836400

出　　处：《中国水土保持》2015年第3期54-57,69,共4页Soil and Water Conservation in China

基　　金：中国水科院专项经费项目(MK2014J03);水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201201008);新疆水利科技项目专项经费项目(2014G01)

摘　　要：新疆北部阿勒泰草原的农牧业生产主要是在荒漠瘠薄的土地上开发和发展起来的。通过对2011年在阿勒泰地区福海县开展的紫花苜蓿、青贮玉米和苏丹草的非充分灌溉试验数据进行分析比较,初步得到该区3种常见牧草耗水量与产量、水分生产效率的关系。结果表明,3种牧草均为充分灌溉条件下产量最高,苏丹草产量与土壤含水量占田间持水量的百分比呈显著的线性相关。苜蓿在返青—分枝期受旱时水分生产效率最高;苏丹草全生育期受轻旱时水分生产效率最低,受重旱时水分生产效率最高;青贮玉米在抽穗—开花期受轻旱时水分生产效率达到最高,拔节期和抽穗—开花期连续受旱时水分生产效率最低。The production of agriculture and animal husbandry of Altay prairie in the north of Xinjiang is mainly developed on barren desert land.Through the analysis and comparison of deficit irrigation experimental data of alfalfa,silage maize and Sudan grass conducted in Fuhai County of Altay region,the paper preliminarily obtained the relationship between the water consumption and output and water productivity of 3 kinds of common forage of the region.The outcomes show that a) under the sufficient irrigation condition,the output of the 3 kinds of forage is the highest.There is linear correlation between crop production of Sudan grass and the percentage of soil moisture with field moisture capactiy;b) The water productivity of alfalfa during the period of turning green and branching is the maximum under the drought condition;c) The water productivity of Sudan grass in the whole growing period is the lowest under the light drought condition and the highest under the severe drought condition and;d) The water productivity of silage maize during the period of heading and flowering is the highest under the light drought condition and the lowest during jointing-heading stage under the continuous drought condition.

关 键 词：人工牧草 耗水量 产量 水分生产效率 北疆 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]