车用质子交换膜燃料电池材料部件  

The Key Materials and Components for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

作　　者：王诚[1] 王树博[1] 张剑波[2] 李建秋[2] 欧阳明高[2] 王建龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,北京100084 [2]清华大学汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《化学进展》2015年第2期310-320,共11页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.U1462112);科技部国际合作项目(No.2013DFG41460;2013DFG60080);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2012CB215401);国家高技术发展计划(863)项目(No.2013AA110202)资助~~

摘　　要：车用燃料电池主要包括质子交换膜燃料电池、金属-空气燃料电池等,其中质子交换膜燃料电池是目前车用燃料电池的主要开发对象(以下简称车用燃料电池)。经过全球范围内近十年的持续研发,车用燃料电池在能量效率、功率密度与比功率、低温启动等功能特性方面已经取得了突破性进展,新一轮的燃料电池汽车产业化浪潮正在迫近。然而,车用燃料电池的耐久性和成本还没达到预期商业化目标,是其产业化的最后障碍。探索和研发燃料电池用新型关键材料部件是解决这两大问题、推进其商业化进程的关键所在,也是车用燃料电池长期的研究重点和热点。本文系统地梳理了近几年来车用燃料电池质子交换膜、催化层、气体扩散层、双板板关键材料部件的研究进展和成果,并分类进行了简要评述,分析了其性能与商业化目标的差距。最后展望了车用燃料电池关键材料部件今后的发展方向。Vehicle fuel cells include proton exchange membrane fuel cell （PEMFC）, metal/air fuel cell, etc. The PEMFC is the most promising candidate for automobile application. Through over a decade continuous research and development all over the world, the performances of PEMFC, such as energy efficiency, volume and mass power density, low temperature start ability, have attained breakthrough progress. A new round of fuel cell automobile industrialization has been being approached. However, the properties of durability and cost of the PEMFC system have not met the target of industrialization, and the state of art of durability and cost become the obstacles of PEMFC automobiles industrialization. The novel key materials and components used in the PEMFC should be focused on in the future study, and must be further researched and developed for the two obstacles resolution and the PEMFC industrialization promotion. In this paper, based on a large number of current research articles, the progress and achievement of key materials and components for PEMFC, include proton exchange membrane, catalyst layer, gas diffusion layer, bipolar plate, have been detailed analyzed and classified reviewed. The gap between their state of art and the target of industrialization is analyzed and the emphasisdevelopment direction in the future is summarized based on the key materials and components.

关 键 词：氢能 燃料电池汽车 催化剂 质子交换膜 扩散层 双极板 

分 类 号：O646[理学—物理化学] TM911.4[理学—化学]