一种新型鸭嘴式成穴器的设计及仿真  

Design and simulation of a new duckbill type spade

作　　者：王永仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州职业技术学院,兰州市730070

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2015年第2期29-31,共3页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B10)--西北绿洲农牧循环技术集成与示范

摘　　要：针对传统鸭嘴式成穴器作业时空穴率高、鸭嘴开启不可靠、撕膜等问题,设计新型鸭嘴式成穴器。其由固定鸭嘴、活动鸭嘴、推拉杆、圆环和活动把等组成。对该成穴器进行三维造型和虚拟样机模拟,模拟结果可知:圆环的垂直方向的位移曲线基本满足要求,即先下降,停顿一小会,再上升,且曲线平整,无跳动;设计的新型鸭嘴式成穴器的圆环与土壤的接触面积大,且均匀,对土壤的压力较小,尤其在地膜覆盖的田间,其对地膜的破坏小,对土壤的扰动小,更有利于种子的生长;活动鸭嘴开启最大角度为14°,满足鸭嘴开口角度要求。因此所设计的鸭嘴式成穴器具有结构新颖、简单,对提高谷物播种机的播种效率、降低空穴率有着重要意义。In view of the high hole rate, unreliable opening, film tearing and other issues ~of the traditional duckbill type spade operation, a new type duckbill punch device was designed, which was composed by the fixed duck mouth, active duck mouth, push-pull rod, ring and removable handle etc.. The spade was simulated in 3D modeling and virtual prototype. The displacement curve of vertical direction of the ring meets the basic requirements, namely drops first, pauses for a short time, then increases, and the curve is smooth with no beating; the contact area of the ring with the soil cave is large and uniform, and the pressure on soil is small, especially in the plastic film mulching field, the destruction and disturbance to the soil is smaller, which is more favorable for the growth of the seed; the maximum opening angle of the active duckbill is 14 degrees, which meets the requirements of the duckbill opening angle. This design is novel and has simple structure, and it is important to improve the production efficiency of the grain sowing machine and reduce the rate of hole.

关 键 词：农业工程 成穴器 鸭嘴式 设计 仿真 

分 类 号：S223.33[农业科学—农业机械化工程]