桃枝枯病菌生物学特性研究  

Biological characteristics of Phomopsis amygdali as pathogen of peach shoot blight

作　　者：纪兆林[1] 戴慧俊[1] 王焱[1] 宋宏峰[2] 童蕴慧[1] 徐敬友[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]江苏省农业科学院园艺研究所/江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2014年第4期104-109,共6页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-31-2-02);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(14)2015]

摘　　要：桃枝枯病是近年来在江、浙、沪一带出现的一种新病害,为有效防控桃枝枯病,对其病原桃拟茎点霉(Phomopsis amygdali)的生物学特性进行研究。结果表明:桃枝枯病菌菌丝在PDA培养基、温度25℃、pH 6.0~7.0及光照12 h·d^(-1)条件下生长最好;菌丝生长最适碳源是蔗糖和葡萄糖,最适氮源是蛋白胨和牛肉浸膏。病菌在PDA上易产生分生孢子器和分生孢子。分生孢子在温度25℃、pH 6.0~7.0、光照12 h·d^(-1)及高湿(95%以上)条件下萌发率最高。综合而言,不同的营养(培养基、碳源、氮源)、温度、光照、pH、湿度等环境条件对桃枝枯病菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发有显著影响。Peach shoot blight is an occurring serious and new disease in Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Shanghai peach growing areas in recent years.The biological characteristics of Phomopsis amygdali of peach shoot blight was studied in order to provide the basis for further study and prevention of this disease.In this study,mycelial growth and conidial germination were detected in relation to temperature,illumination,pH,humidity and nutritional conditions.The results showed that the optimum temperature for mycelial growth of pathogen was 25 ℃,PDA was the best of the 4 culture media in the experiment,the befitting pH was 6.0 to 7,0,and 12 hours of illumination time each day was suitable for mycelial growth.The optimum carbon source of mycelial growth was sucrose and glucose,and nitrogen source was peptone and beef extract.PDA was the best for pycnidia and conidia production.The rate of conidial germination was highest under this condition which includes 25 ＂C,pH 6.0 — 7.0,12 hours of illumination time each day,and higher than 95%relative humidity.Therefore,different nutrients（media,carbon,nitrogen）,temperature,illumination,pH,humidity conditions have a significant impact on the peach shoot blight pathogen mycelial growth and conidial germination.

关 键 词：桃枝枯病 桃拟茎点霉 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学] S432.44[农业科学—园艺学]