2013年灰霾事件对北京郊区医院门急诊量的影响  

The effect of haze episode on outpatient and emergency room visit to suburban hospital in Beijing 2013

作　　者：张燕萍[1,2] 魏永杰[1] 田兆兴[3] 邹天森[1] 孟凡[1] 桑田[1,4] 王芬芬[1,4] 吴虎兵[3] 王慢想[1] 张金良[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院环境基准和风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]太原市疾病预防控制中心 [3]北京大学第三医院 [4]山西医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2014年第10期884-888,共5页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81172745);中国环境科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(2013-YSKY-03)

摘　　要：目的观察灰霾期间北京郊区医院门急诊量的变化。方法门急诊量数据来自北京郊区某综合性医院,空气污染指数来自北京市环保局网站,气温数据来自天气网。研究时间为2012年10月—2013年1月（灰霾期,T1序列）和2011年10月—2012年1月（对照期,T2序列）。计算T1序列门急诊量较T2序列的百分增量。采用Poisson回归模型估计空气污染与门急诊量的定量关系。结果灰霾期间,儿科急诊量先于API值4d达到高峰,API在2013年1月11日达最高值（423）,儿科急诊量百分增量最大为128.3%。神经内科急诊百分增量于1月20日达最大值,为96.6%。Poisson回归结果显示,API每升高1个四分位数间距,儿科日急诊量增加16.3%（95%CI：3.0%-29.5%,lag7）,明显高于2011年10月—2012年1月,是其百分增量的1.8-2.9倍。其他科室的门急诊量与API未见明显的相关关系（P〉0.05）。结论灰霾期间空气污染导致该郊区医院儿科急诊量显著增加。Objective To observe the changes of outpatient and emergency room visits during 2013 haze episode. Methods The number of outpatient and emergency room visits was collected in comprehensive hospital in suburban Beijing. Local API data were from Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau website and data of weather were from China Weather website. The observation periods were from Oct.2012 to Jan.2013（T1series） and the same period one year before（T2 series）. We first calculated increments following the proposed procedure. Poisson regression model was used to estimate the relative risks both in T1 and T2 periods. Results The increment of emergency visit reached their peak value 4 days before API reached the peak value, during the haze episode. The peak value of API was 423 on Jan.7, 2013, and the highest increment percentage of pediatric emergency room visit was 128.3%. The peak value of increment of neurology emergency room visit was 96.6% on Jan.20,2013. Poisson regression analysis showed that there was 16.3%（95% CI： 3.0%-29.5%）（lag7） increase of pediatric emergency room visits with API increasing an interquartile range, which was significantly higher than that for T2 series（1.8-2.9 times）.There was no significant correlation between the other department outpatient and emergency room visit and API. Conclusion The noticeable increase in pediatric emergency room visits is observed during haze period.

关 键 词：灰霾事件 空气污染 儿科 急诊 POISSON回归 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]