不同粒径纳米和微米二氧化硅对雄性大鼠生殖毒性的实验研究  

Comparative study of different sizes of nano-SiO_2 and micro-SiO_2 on reproductive toxicity of male rats

作　　者：高艳荣[1] 岳林[2] 贾玉巧[1] 余艳琴[1] 赵永东[1] 郑杉杉 

机构地区：[1]包头医学院公共卫生学院卫生毒理学教研室,内蒙古包头014060 [2]包头市肿瘤医院病理科

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2014年第10期915-919,F0003,共6页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金(2012MS1105);包头市医药卫生科技计划项目(Wsjj2012052)

摘　　要：目的探讨不同粒径纳米二氧化硅与微米二氧化硅对雄性大鼠的生殖毒性效应。方法将104只健康SPF级雄性SD大鼠随机分为13组,分别为对照(生理盐水)组和低(1.5 mg/kg)、中(4.5 mg/kg)、高剂量(13.5 mg/kg)20、60、100 nm纳米二氧化硅及微米二氧化硅染毒组,每组8只。采用非暴露气管插管直接滴注法进行染毒,隔日染毒1次,共染毒6周。检测大鼠睾丸内睾酮(T)含量及附睾精子数量、精子存活率和精子畸形率。结果与对照组比较,各剂量20、60 nm纳米二氧化硅染毒组及4.5、13.5 mg/kg的100 nm纳米二氧化硅染毒组大鼠T分泌量均降低(P<0.05),13.5 mg/kg的20 nm纳米二氧化硅染毒组大鼠T分泌量低于相同浓度的100 nm纳米二氧化硅染毒组(P<0.05),各剂量微米二氧化硅染毒大鼠睾丸T分泌量无明显变化(P>0.05);4.5、13.5 mg/kg的20 nm纳米二氧化硅染毒组和13.5 mg/kg的60、100 nm纳米二氧化硅及13.5 mg/kg的微米二氧化硅染毒组大鼠的精子数、精子存活率均降低(P<0.05),4.5、13.5 mg/kg的20、60、100 nm纳米二氧化硅染毒组大鼠的精子畸形率升高(P<0.05),各剂量微米二氧化硅染毒大鼠精子畸形率无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论纳米二氧化硅及微米二氧化硅均对雄性大鼠具有生殖毒性,且纳米二氧化硅的生殖毒性效应明显强于微米二氧化硅;纳米二氧化硅的粒径越小,生殖毒性效应愈强。Objective To compare the effects of different sizes of nano-silica and micro-silica on reproductive toxicity of male rats. Methods A total of 104 SD male rats were randomly divided into twelve experimental and the control groups. The experimental groups were exposed to different sizes of nano-silica and micro-silica by tracheal instillation while the control group were injected with saline once every other day. Six weeks later, sperm deformity rate, the quantity and quality of sperm in epididymis and the content of testosterone in testis were examined. Results Compared with the control group, the contents of testosterone of all exposure groups of 20 and 60 nm nano-silica and 4.5 and 13.5 mg/kg exposure groups of 100 nm nano-silica were significantly lower（P〈0.05）, the content of testosterone of 13.5 mg/kg exposure group of 20 nm nano-silica was lower than that of 13.5 mg/kg exposure group of 100 nm nano-silica while that of micro-silica groups was not significantly lower（P0.05）. The quantity and quality of sperm of 4.5 and 13.5 mg/kg exposure groups of 20 nm nano-silica and 13.5 mg/kg exposure groups of 60 and 100 nm nano-silica and micro-silica were lower（P0.05）. Sperm deformity rates of 4.5 and 13.5mg/kg exposure groups of 20, 60 and 100 nm nano-silica were significantly higher（P0.05） while that of micro-silica groups was not significantly higher（P〉0.05）. Conclusion Nano-silica and micro-silica may induce reproductive toxicity in male rats and the effect of nano-silica is stronger than that of micro-silica, and at the same exposure level, the smaller the particle size of nano-silica is, the stronger the reproductive toxicity will be.

关 键 词：二氧化硅 微米颗粒物 纳米颗粒物 睾丸 精子 

分 类 号：R994.6[医药卫生—毒理学]