钚材料分散沉降颗粒物中Pu和Am在中性水中的行为初探  

Speciation Distribution of Pu and Am in De-Ionized Water in Settling Particles From Dispersed Plutonium Material

作　　者：曾斌[1,2] 党海军[2] 张生栋[1] 伊小伟[2] 张海涛[2] 李梅[2] 丁有钱[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院放射化学研究所,北京102413 [2]西北核技术研究所,陕西西安710024

出　　处：《核化学与放射化学》2014年第B12期68-71,共4页Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemistry

摘　　要：为研究钚材料分散沉降颗粒物中Pu和Am在中性水中的溶解和分散行为，进行了钚材料分散沉降颗粒物在去离子水中的振荡浸取实验，并对振荡浸取后的水相样品进行自然沉降、离心、过滤和超滤等手段分级处理，采用同位素稀释法对样品中Pu和Am的含量进行了定量分析。在振荡浸取过程中，水相中Pu和Am含量开始快速增长，随后逐步达到平衡，但Pu含量前期的变化速率比Am快。Pu和Am在水相中以溶解态（含小粒径胶体聚合物）稳定存在的质量分数分别约为5×10^-9～1×10^-8和2×10^-13。结果表明，在水相中Pu大部分以溶解态（含小粒径胶体聚合态）存在，Am主要以沉降颗粒物上的吸附或包裹态为主。In order to investigate the persed plutonium material in de-ioni distribution of Pu and Am in settling particles from diszed water, settling particles from dispersed plutonium material were leached through shaking in de ionized water, then the aqueous phase was classified by four methods. The contents of Pu and Am in the aqueous phase were determined using isotope-dilution analysis. The contents of Pu and Am in the aqueous phase rise quickly at the beginning of leaching, and then turn to be stable gradually. However, the rising rate of Pu content is faster than Am. The mass fraction of Pu and Am in the solution （including small colloid particles） are about 5 × 10^-9-1 × 10^-8 and 2 × 10^-13 , respectively. Our results demonstrate that most of Pu is soluble state （including small colloid particles） in the aqueous phase, while most of Am is attached to the settling particles or contained in the settling particles.

关 键 词：沉降颗粒物 振荡浸取 PU AM 形态分布 

分 类 号：O615.3[理学—无机化学]