电硅热法冶炼镍铬不锈钢基料的工艺理论分析  

PROCESS THEORETICAL ANALYSIS ON PRODUCTION OF STAINLESS STEEL MASTER ALLOY CONTAINING NI,CR WITH ELECTROSILICOTHERMIC METHOD

作　　者：陈佩仙[1] 储少军[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京中国100083

出　　处：《铁合金》2015年第1期18-24,共7页Ferro-alloys

摘　　要：本文围绕电硅热法冶炼镍铬不锈钢基料新工艺中的脱硅增铬工序,进行了脱硅增铬的工艺平衡实验,可知合金中的硅含量与铬分配比和炉渣二元碱度R有关,其工艺平衡经验式为：[Si%]=6.81-0.19×[Cr]/（Cr2O3）-3.55×R（[Si]≤1%）和[Si]=70.07-0.27×[Cr]（Cr2O3）＋-36.30×R（[Si]〉10%）。冷装法和电炉-摇包法两种冶炼工艺的物料平衡计算结果表明,采用含硅20%的高硅镍铁合金原料生产硅含量分别为1.00%、0.18%的镍铬不锈钢基料,采用冷装法工艺终渣碱度应分别控制在1.1-1.4和1.3-1.6之间,铬回收率分别可达85.02%-93.82%和85.32%-93.48%;采用电炉-摇包法,高硅镍铁预脱硅后的硅含量应分别控制在15.40%-16.5%和15.70%-16.30%之间,铬的回收率分别可达91.30%-97.73%和93.95%-97.53%。Experiments simulated about EAF-shaking ladle section in electrosilicothermic method for producing stainless steel have been done, and two empirical equations have been summed up, [Si%]=6.81-0.19×[Cr]/（Cr2O3）-3.55×R（[Si]≤1%）和[Si]=70.07-0.27×[Cr]（Cr2O3）＋-36.30×R（[Si]〉10%）. Then calculation about etectrosilicothermic method has been done based on these equations and the matter conservation. The results show that there are two methods for producing nickel-chromium ferroalloy products, with 1.00wt% or 0.18wt% silicon, from nickel-silicon ferroalloy with 20 wt% silicon content. If they are produced by EAF process, the slag basicity must be controlled by 1.1 to 1.4 and 1.3 to 1.6 respectively, and recovery rate of Cr is about 85.02%-93.82% and 85.32%-93.48% respectively. If they are produced by EAF-shaking ladle process, the silicon content in alloy must be controlled within 15.40%-16.50% and 15.70%- 16.30% after pre-desilicication, and recovery rates of Cr are about 91.30%-97.73% and 93.95%-97.53% respectively.

关 键 词：电硅热法 不锈钢 电炉-摇包 

分 类 号：TF764.1[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]