我国成人室内外活动时间研究  

Investigation on indoor and outdoor time of Chinese adults

作　　者：王贝贝[1] 王宗爽[1] 赵秀阁[1] 黄楠[2] 段小丽[1] 姜勇[3] 王丽敏[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]中南大学环境学院 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2014年第11期945-948,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：环境保护部项目[EH(2011)-07-01;EH(2012)-07-01];国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(201109064)

摘　　要：目的了解我国成人的室内外活动时间,为估算人体对空气中污染物暴露健康风险评价提供重要参数。方法基于"我国居民(成人)环境暴露行为模式研究",于2011年11月—2012年5月通过问卷调查的方式获得了我国31个省、自治区、直辖市居民的室内外活动时间,分析其分布特征和影响因素。结果我国居民的平均室内活动时间为1 200 min/d,平均室外活动时间为221 min/d,室内外活动时间均存在着一定的地区、城乡、性别、年龄和季节差异,同时受气温、职业和住宅类型等因素的影响,与国外相比存在一定的差异,我国居民的室外活动时间长于美国、日本、韩国和澳大利亚;室内活动时间短于澳大利亚和韩国,但长于美国和日本。结论在进行我国居民空气暴露健康风险评价中,要考虑到居民地区、性别、年龄等差异,根据调查居民的实际情况,选择合适的室内外活动时间参数。Objective： To know the indoor and outdoor time of Chinese adults. Methods Based on the questionnaire of Chinese Environmental Exposure- Related Human Activity Patterns Survey（ Adults）（ CEERHAPS- A） in residents of 31 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities from November 2011 to May 2012, the daily indoor and outdoor time was obtained, the related distribution characteristics and influencing factors were discussed. Results The average indoor and outdoor time were1 200 min/d and 221 min/d, with obvious age, gender, urban/rural and region-specific variability, and there were also some differences between Chinese adults and foreign population. The outdoor time of Chinese people was much more than those of the United States, Japan, South Korea and Australia, and the indoor time was less than those of Australia and South Korea, but more than those of the United States and Japan. Conclusion The actual indoor and outdoor time-related region, gender, agespecific variability of the people should be taken into account for conducting human health risk assessment of air pollution.

关 键 词：室内外活动时间 暴露参数 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]