不同载荷书包对小学生身体姿势及足底压力的影响  

Effects of schoolbag carriage on body posture and plantar pressure in children

作　　者：李壮志[1] 陈玉娟[1] 李立 张立立[1] 

机构地区：[1]石家庄学院体育学院,河北050035 [2]石家庄体育学院科研处

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2015年第2期174-176,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：河北省教育科学规划项目(13060170);石家庄学院科研团队研究成果(XJTD003)

摘　　要：目的了解小学生背负不同载荷书包时对身体、姿势及足底压力的影响,探讨大载荷书包对学生生长发育的危害。方法运用比利时Footscan insole足底压力测试系统和SONY-HDR-CX390摄像机对16名10岁男性小学生进行不同载荷(相等于其体重5%,10%,15%,20%的书包)书包下足底压力测试和身体姿势拍摄,而后采用Footscan 7.0软件和Adobe photoshop CS5图像处理软件进行分析。结果学生未背书包以及书包重量分别为体重的5%,10%,15%,20%时,行走时身体前倾角度分别为(2.48±0.64)°,(2.91±0.57)°,(3.52±0.55)°,(4.42±0.61)°,(5.04±0.57)°;各载荷情况下与不背书包时前倾角比较,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-8.337,-25.165,-36.838,-66.168,P值均<0.01)。随载荷量的增加,学生左、右足各区域峰值压强也增加,但第1趾骨和第1,2,3跖骨4区域峰值压强增加幅度较大,足跟内、外侧和第4、5跖骨区域增幅相对较小;各载荷情况与不背书包各区域峰值压强比较,差异大多有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论随着学生背负重量的增加,足底压力增大,并可能导致跖骨前横弓下降,不利于学生足弓发育。Objective To explore adverse effects of heavy schoolbag load on the growth and development among children.Methods A total of 16 boys aged 10 years old were investigated with the Belgium Footscan plantar pressure test system and SONY- HDR- CX390 camera under different schoolbag loads（ schoolbags weighing 0,5%,10%,15% and 20% of body weight）.Plantar pressure and body posture were analyzed by software Footscan7. 0 and Adobe respectively. Results With the increase of load carriage,forward lean angle continued to increase（ 0% to 2. 48°; 5% to 2. 91 °; 10% to 3. 52 °,15% to 4. 42 °; 20% to5. 04 °）. Compared with no load carriage,differences of forward lean angle among different load carriage was of statistical significance（ P〈0. 01）. The plantar pressures of left and right feet also increased,with four regions（ Toe1,Meta1,Meta 2 and Meta3） increased rapidly,and heel medial,heel lateral,Meta4,Meta5 increase relatively slow; all the differences were of statistical significance（ P〈0. 01 or P〈0. 05）. Conclusion With the increase of load carriage,the plantar pressure increases. It may cause the abnormal development of corpus callosum and thus crossbow down of the metatarsal bone,which ultimately influences the normal development of the arch.

关 键 词：负重 压力 学生 身体 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R195.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]