佛山市三水区首起社区登革热暴发流行特征及防控措施效果评估  

Foshan Sanshui District First Effect Assessment of Community characteristics and an Outbreak of Dengue Fever Prevention and Control Measures

作　　者：何永辉[1] 郑秀钰[1] 王海荣[1] 余小庆[1] 麦雪芬 许娟[1] 陈绮媚[1] 蔡文安[1] 

机构地区：[1]佛山市三水区疾病预防控制中心,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2015年第3期64-66,共3页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：目的分析佛山市三水区首起社区登革热暴发疫情流行病学特征,评价综合预防控制效果,为登革热预防控制工作提供依据。方法对病例进行流行病学调查,采集调查对象的血标本,采用酶联免疫吸附剂测定法(ELISA)检测登革热Ig M和Ig G抗体,用PCR方法检测登革热病毒核酸。用布雷图指数、发病数和疫情持续时间评价综合防控措施的效果。结果 2014年9—10月,三水区发生一起由登革热I型病毒引起的暴发疫情,共发现病例55例,年发病率为8.73/10万;发病高峰在9月中旬至10月上旬;男女性别间发病数差异无统计学意义,以青壮年人群发病数较多,职业以家务及待业人员为主;疫情涉及到6个街道19个社区居委,病例主要集中4个居委会(园林、沙头、桥头和南边),占总病例数的60.00%,发病具有时间和空间聚集性特征,病例均具有登革热临床特征,无重症死亡病例;疫情处理初期,各疫点布雷图指标大于20,经采取综合防控措施后,87.50%的疫点一周内布雷图指数控制在5以下,疫情得到有效控制。结论三水区首起登革热疫情呈多点散发和局部暴发的低强度流行态势,流行病学特征与广东省及佛山市的一致,流行病毒型别为I型登革热病毒;经实施多部门联防联控的合作,动员社会参与,采取综合防控措施后,疫情得到有效控制,防控效果较显著。OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever in Sanshui District of Foshan in 2014, to assess the effectiveness of comprehensive prevention and control measures, and to provide a reference basis for Dengue fever prevention and control. METHODS It collected all case information by epidemiological investigation, the survey collected blood samples detected dengue IgM and IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, using the PCR method to detect dengue virus nucleic acid. Comprehensive evaluation of prevention and control measures by Breteau index and the number of incidence and duration of effect of the epidemic. RESULTS September-October 2014, Sanshui District occurred caused by dengue virus type I outbreaks, cases were found in 55 cases, the annual incidence of 8.73/100 000; incidence peaks in mid-September to early October; sex between male and female no significant difference in incidence, incidence in young people more career with housework and unemployed people; outbreak involving 6 street 19 committees. The cases were mainly concentrated in Yuanlin Communities, Shatou Communities and Qiaotou Communities, accounting for 60.00% of the total cases, the onset of a time and space clustering characteristics, clinical features of dengue fever cases had no severe deaths. The Breteau index was greater than 20 in each epidemic point in the early epidemic control. After the implementation of joint prevention and control of muhi-sectoral cooperation, the Breteau indexes were controlled in the range of security in 87.50% of the epidemic points within one week, and thedengue fever outbreaks were effectively controlled. CONCLUSION The dengue fever Outbreaks in Sanshui District in 2014 were in muhipoint sporadic low-intensitv epidemic situation, and their epidemiological and characteristics were similar to those in Guangdong Province and Foshan City, involving the prevalent Dengue viruses types I. After attaching great importance to dengue fever, adopting multi-sector cooperat

关 键 词：登革热 流行病学 佛山 

分 类 号：R52[医药卫生—内科学]