异构众核系统及其编程模型与性能优化技术研究综述  

The Feature,Programming Model and Performance Optimization Strategy of Heterogeneous Many-Core System: A Review

作　　者：巨涛[1] 朱正东[1] 董小社[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电子与信息工程学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《电子学报》2015年第1期111-119,共9页Acta Electronica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.61173039;No.61202041);国家863高技术研究发展计划(No.2012AA010904;No.2012AA01A306);国家科技支撑计划(No.2011BAH04B03)

摘　　要：异构众核系统已成为当前高性能计算领域重要的发展趋势.针对异构众核系统,从架构、编程、所支持的应用三方面分析对比当前不同异构系统的特点,揭示了异构系统的发展趋势及异构系统相对于传统多核并行系统的优势;然后从编程模型和性能优化方面分析了异构系统存在的问题和面临的挑战,以及国内外研究现状,结合当前研究存在的问题和难点,探讨了该领域进一步深入的研究方向;同时对两种典型的异构众核系统CPU+GPU和CPU+MIC进行不同应用类型的Benchmark测试,验证了两种异构系统不同的应用特点,为用户选择具体异构系统提供参考,在此基础上提出将两种众核处理器(GPU和MIC)结合在一个计算节点内构成新型混合异构系统;该新型混合异构系统可以利用两种众核处理器不同的处理优势,协同处理具有不同应用特点的复杂应用,同时分析了在该混合异构系统下必须要研究和解决的关键问题;最后对异构众核系统面临的挑战和进一步的研究方向进行了总结和展望.The heterogeneous many-core system has emerged as a promising developing trend in the high performance computing area. In this paper,w e first revealed the developing trend and dominant position of the heterogeneous systems via analyzing their architectures,programming and application characteristics. Secondly,w e discussed the programming model and performance optimization of current heterogeneous systems,and summarized the relative research trends. Thirdly,w e verified the different application behaviors of the GPU and M IC heterogeneous system by running different types of Benchmark,w hich provides the reference for user to select the specific heterogeneous computing platform and,the basis of composing the hybrid heterogeneous system w hich combines the tw o types of many-core processor（ GPU and M IC） into an individual computing node. This hybrid heterogeneous system can fully exploit the computing potential of the tw o types of manycore coprocessors to coordinate handling the complex application w ith different application behaviors. Finally,some open issues and future directions in the heterogeneous system were view ed.

关 键 词：异构众核系统 高性能计算 异构计算 编程模型 性能优化 

分 类 号：TP301[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]