双吸风口振动式花生荚果清选装置设计与试验  

Design and Test on Cleaning Device of Peanut Pods with Double Air-suction Inlets with Vibration Screen

作　　者：高连兴[1] 李献奇[1] 关萌[1] 程晋[2] 张旭东[2] 刘志侠[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学工程学院,沈阳110866 [2]辽宁省农业机械化研究所,沈阳110866

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2015年第3期110-117,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20122103110009);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50775151);辽宁省农业攻关及成果产业化资助项目(2014201007)

摘　　要：为改进花生摘果机、花生捡拾收获机的清选装置,提高花生清选性能,在花生摘果机清选物飘浮速度试验基础上,根据饱满花生荚果、空瘪果、碎茎秆、果柄和花生叶等各组分飘浮速度差异,提出了前、后2个吸风口（双吸风口）与振动筛组合式清选原理,进行了总体方案与关键部件设计并研制出5XT-2Z型花生摘果机,通过清选性能试验研究了振动筛振动频率、吸风口高度和风机转速对花生清选损失率和含杂率的影响。试验结果表明,3种饱满花生荚果飘浮速度为10.30-14.39 m/s,空瘪果、碎茎秆、花生果柄和花生飘浮速度分别为7.03-8.89 m/s、4.51-5.46 m/s、2.80-3.35 m/s、1.74-2.13 m/s;优化后的振动筛曲柄转速为200 r/min,吸风口高度为135 mm,风机转速为390 r/min,此参数下清选损失率为1.35%,含杂率为1.75%。For the purpose to improve the cleaning performance including reducing the losses and impurity rate of peanut picker and harvester with two-stages, based on the study results on the floating velocities of different extraction components of peanut pods, the cleaning principle and scheme with double air-suction inlets combined with vibration screen was put forward. The overall structure as well as the key parts of the proposed cleaning device was designed. And the cleaning device was developed and its performance test and study was conducted under peanut harvest production condition. The parts of pneumatic cleaning named double air-suction inlets contained the front suction inlet and the rear suction which worked separately step by step and together in two steps. The front suction inlet was close to the peanut picker which cleaned lighter materials such as the peanut fruit stalk and the peanut leaf, and the rear suction inlet was close to the discharge port which cleaned immature peanut pods and the crushed stems. The tested results showed the floating velocity of different extraction components of peanut picked gained by means of type PS - 20 measuring test-bed, such as peanut pods was 10.30 - 14.39 m/s, the immature peanut pods was 7.03 -8.89 m/s, the crushed stems was 4.51 -5.46 m/s, the peanut fruit stalk was 2.80 - 3.35 m/s, and the peanut leaf was 1.74 - 2.13 m/s; and the optimal parameters of cleaning device of peanut picker with air double-suction combined vibration screen, three parameters, including rotating speed of crank, height of air suction inlet, and rotating speed of fan, were selected asinput variables. The loss rate and the impurity rate as output parameters and the performance test for the cleaning device were conductect. A quadratic orthogonal rotary regressive experimental design was employed to develop the second order polynomial regression models, which explained the relationship between the input and output parameters, and then, the main parameters of the cleaning device were optimized thro

关 键 词：花生摘果机 清选装置 气吸式 振动筛 

分 类 号：S225.73[农业科学—农业机械化工程]