日光温室带竖向空气通道的太阳能相变蓄热墙体体系  

Performance of Phase Change Material Wall with Vertical Air Channels Integrating Solar Concentrators

作　　者：凌浩恕[1] 陈超[1] 陈紫光[1] 马彩雯[2] 管勇[1] 李娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学建筑工程学院,北京100124 [2]新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2015年第3期336-343,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51368060;50978002);北京工业大学博士创新基金资助项目

摘　　要：基于已有日光温室专用多曲面槽式空气集热器,提出一种带竖向空气通道的太阳能相变蓄热墙体构筑体系,通过主动与被动相结合的蓄热方式,提高日光温室后墙体的太阳能热利用率。为了验证构筑体系的科学性和可行性,分别搭建了日光温室专用多曲面槽式空气集热器试验系统和带竖向空气通道的相变蓄热墙体试验系统,分析了太阳辐射强度、集热器内空气流速、日光温室中间显热蓄热墙体层内空气流动参数（空气流速、空气通道间距、空气流动方向）等对空气集热器太阳能热利用率以及墙体主动蓄热能力的影响规律。研究结果表明：当集热器内空气速度为1.4-1.8 m/s时,集热器的综合集热性能最佳,集热量随着太阳辐射强度的增加而升高;当墙体内竖向空气通道间距为400 mm、空气通道内空气速度为0.26 m/s、空气流动方向为上进下出时,相变蓄热墙体换热效率为66.2%,主动蓄热量约为9.43 MJ/m3,其中中间砌块层的蓄热量约占82.3%,墙体日蓄放热效率为98.4%。Due to the limit of heat transfer performance of building materials, the depth of the north wall affected by solar radiation was shallow in the passive solar greenhouse, which weakened the heat storage capacity of the wall interior. In this study, a phase change material wall with vertical air channels integrating solar concentrators was developed to fully strengthen the temperature and heat storage capacity of the wall interior by the active method and improve the temperature and heat storage capacity of PCM wallboards by the passive method. In order to prove the scientificity and feasibility of the identity, the experimental setup of multiple surfaces trough solar air collector and the experimental setup of phase change material wall with vertical air channels were built. And influencing characteristics of the air velocity in the collector and solar radiation on solar concentrators and influencing characteristics of the gap between air channels, the flow direction of heated air, and the velocity of the supply air on phase change material wall with vertical air channels were experimentally investigated, respectively. The results showed that the suitable air velocity in the collector was 1.4 - 1.8 m/s, and the heat collection rose with the increase of solar radiation. The optimum conditions of phase change material wall were experimentally recommended ： the gap was 400 mm, the flow direction was downward, and the supply air velocity was 0.26 m/s. While the experiment was carried out on the optimum conditions, the heat exchange effectiveness was 66. 2% , and the active heat storage density was 9. 43 MJ/m3, 82. 3% of which were stored in the blocklayer. Moreover, the discrepancy of the active heat storage and the heat release was 1.6%.

关 键 词：日光温室 太阳能集热器 竖向空气通道 相变蓄热墙体 主-被动式蓄热 

分 类 号：S625.1[农业科学—园艺学] TU111.3[建筑科学—建筑理论]