地盘松林地表可燃物的燃烧火行为  

Fire behaviors of ground combustible in pinus yunnanensis var.pygmaea forest

作　　者：王秋华[1] 徐伟恒[2] 李世友[1] 张超[1] 杨潇[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学土木工程学院云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室,云南昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学计算机与信息学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2015年第3期281-284,共4页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31300553);云南省应用基础研究计划项目(2011FZ136)

摘　　要：在滇中西山国家森林公园内地盘松连续分布区设置样地，通过外业调查、采样，实验室燃烧床内测定火行为，包括点着时间、熄灭时间，辐射热，火焰高度、长度和火强度等。结果表明，凋落物上层、下层的最大火焰高度达到110、78cm，枯枝的为73cm。凋落物上层、下层的火焰最高温度为700、677℃，而枯枝的为716℃。在10cm处，凋落物上层、下层的辐射热分别为5．28kW／m^2和4．44kW／m^2，枯枝为3．60kW／m^2；在10～60cm，凋落物上层释放的辐射热始终最大，枯枝的其次，凋落物下层的最小。80～100cm处，凋落物下层达到最大，凋落物上层其次，而枯枝则最小。100cm以后都是凋落物下层最大，凋落物上层其次，枯枝的最小。凋落物上层火强度最小，为2459．8kW／m，凋落物下层火强度为2856．8kW／m，都为中强度火，枯枝的最大，达7490．5kW／m，为高强度火。A man-made ground fuel samples of pinus yunnanensis var. pygmaea forest was selected from Xishan national park, western Kunming city, where pinus yunnanensis var. pygmaea is the one of main species. By field investigating and sampling, and by lab experiments of fire behaviors, the indexes of fire be- haviors were gained including ignite time, extinguish time, heat values of radiation, flame height, flame length and fire intensity of upper litter, lower litter and dead branches （course woody debris ） . The results showed： the maximal flame height of up -per litter, lower litter, and dead branches were 110 cm, 78 cm and 73 cm, respectively. The radiation heat of upper litter, lower litter and dead branches, 10 cm from the max flame, were 5.28 kW/m2 , 4.44 kW/m2 and 3.60 kW/m2 , respective- ly. From 10 cm to 60 cm, the upper litter had the biggest radia tion heat, the lower litter had the smallest radiation heat. After 100 cm, the lower litter had the biggest radiation heat, the dead branches had the smallest radiation heat. The fire intensity of upper litter was 2 459.8 kW/m, that of lower litter was 2 856.8 kW/m, fire of them was middle intensity fire. The fire intensity of dead branches was 7 490.5 kW/m, fire of it was high inten- sity fire.

关 键 词：地盘松 火焰高度 辐射热 火行为 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] S762[农业科学—森林保护学]