我国碳排放配额初始分配方式的法学探究——以行政法律关系为视角  

A Jurisprudential Study on Initial Allocation Method of Carbon Allowance in China——From the Perspective of Administrative Legal Relationship

作　　者：陈建[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学经济法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《西南石油大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第2期10-15,共6页Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：2013年西南政法大学研究生科研创新计划资助项目(2013XZYJS133)

摘　　要：碳排放配额初始分配方式,是指在碳交易一级市场中,政府在碳排放总量控制的前提下,将碳排放配额分配给碳排放管制对象所采取的方式,包括有偿方式和无偿方式。从我国七试点省市碳排放配额初始分配方式的考察入手,分析了碳排放配额初始分配方式的类型及其利弊,在有偿分配方式下,一般采取政府拍卖方式,政府和碳排放管制对象形成的法律关系为行政合同关系;在无偿分配方式下,又可划分为祖父制和基准线法两种,政府和碳排放管制对象形成的法律关系为行政许可关系。建议在选择何种分配方式时,从选择建立最为适合一级市场的碳交易法律关系可以推导出最优的分配方式,强调在选择建立法律关系时既要体现政府的主动性、强制性,又要体现在发生纠纷时相对救济途径的多样性和灵活性。In the primary market of carbon trading,government allocates the carbon allowance to the subjects under the regulations,under the premise of total amount control of carbon emissions. The initial allocation of carbon allowance includes method with compensation and one without compensation. Starting from the study of China＇s seven pilot provinces of initial allocation methods of carbon allowance,this paper analyzes the types,and the advantages and disadvantages of initial allocation of carbon allowance. With allocation method with compensation,government auction is generally held and the legal relationship between the government and regulation subjects of carbon emission is administrative contract relationship. Allocation method without compensation follows grandfathering principle and baseline principle,and the legal relationship between the government and regulation subjects of carbon emission is administrative licensing relationship. The author suggests that the government should choose the most suitable carbon trading legal relationship in primary market. When creating legal relations,the government not only needs to emphasize its initiative and mandate,but also to demonstrate diversity and flexibility of relief approaches in dealing with disputes.

关 键 词：碳交易 碳排放配额 碳排放配额初始分配方式 碳配额行政许可 碳排放管制对象 

分 类 号：D912.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]