论我国重刑主义思潮下刑法谦抑性的时代性亮点  

The Value of Modesty and Restraint of Criminal Law in the Contemporary Context of Severe Punishment Practice in China

作　　者：张腾龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学法学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《西南石油大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第2期80-86,共7页Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：刑法谦抑性理论是现代刑法学中的一项重要理论,其具有紧缩性、经济性、补充性的价值蕴含。在我国两千多年的封建历史中,重刑主义一直占据着法律思想的统治地位,在各种法律规范中,刑事法律一枝独秀。作为中国封建法律典型代表的《唐律疏议》,在立法体例上以刑统律,在婚姻、债务、财产、继承、经济行政等方面均运用刑罚手段予以调整。这种重刑主义传统对当代的司法实践也有着巨大的影响力,我国在1983年、1996年、2001年实施的三次以从重从快为特色的"严打"就体现了对重刑主义的崇拜。在制度层面上,1979年刑法典规定了严重背离罪刑法定原则的类推制度;目前我国刑法中可以适用死刑的罪名的比例仍远高于西方法治国家,重刑主义的倾向依然存在。《刑法修正案(八)》一次性废除了走私文物罪等13个非暴力型犯罪中的死刑,并对年满75周岁的人犯罪予以从宽性刑罚处罚,还规定了对未成年人犯罪不构成累犯和未成年人犯罪记录消除制度,这些规定都是刑法谦抑性理论的制度成果。The theory of modesty and restraint of criminal law is significant in contemporary criminal jurisprudence,which is characteristic of minimization,economy and complementariness. In the more than 2,000 years of China＇s history,the thought of severe punishment has been dominated the legal ideology. And in a variety of legal norms,criminal law has been outshining other law.Tang Code,the typical representative of law in feudal China,adopted criminal law system in legislative style,and punishment was employed in aspects of marriage,debt,property,inheritance,economic administrative. Such ideology of severe punishment has had a huge influence on contemporary judicial practice. The implementation of the＂severe and quick＂punishment in 1983,1996 and 2001 are good examples of severe punishment ideology. At the institutional level,such example can be seen in the Penal Code of 1979,which provided a clause of analogy,and seriously violated the principle of＂no penalty without a law＂. Another example of the severe punishment ideology is the fact that the number of death penalty charges in China stays at a much higher level than in western countries.The 8th Amendment to Criminal Law of People＇s Republic of China abolished death penalty in 13 kinds of nonviolent crimes such as the crime of smuggling of cultural relics. It also provided lenient punishment to those culprits who are over 75 years,and no recidivism of juvenile delinquency and juvenile crime records removal system. All those regulations are the results of the theory of modesty and restraint criminal law.

关 键 词：刑法谦抑性 重刑主义 《刑法修正案(八)》 犯罪范围 刑罚限度 

分 类 号：DF61[政治法律—刑法学]