压力灭菌器消毒产生湿包的分析与控制  

Control of wet packs induced by pressure sterilizer for disinfection

作　　者：高敏[1] 张福梅[1] 孙凤霞[1] 白小艳[1] 党苗苗[1] 

机构地区：[1]延安市人民医院消毒供应中心,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年第6期1432-1434,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：陕西省科学技术研究基金资助项目(2012SP2_03)

摘　　要：目的分析消毒供应中心消毒发生湿包的原因,提出控制湿包的对策,减少湿包的发生。方法采用《消毒技术规范》湿包评判标准,消毒灭菌包裹含水量≤3%,>6%视为湿包,对2012年1-12月脉动真空压力灭菌器2 192锅次、72 160个灭菌包进行观察分析。结果物品潮湿占8.3%、包装不规范占12.5%、蒸汽质量占22.0%、装载不合理占28.6%、冷却不当占13.1%、灭菌器故障占15.5%,针对原因总结出压力灭菌器产生湿包,包括物品保持干燥、选择合适的包装材料正确包装、蒸汽质量必须为饱和蒸汽、加强人员操作的规范管理、正确装载、正确操作设备、良性运行灭菌器等,采取控制措施后湿包由控制前的2.33‰降至0.66‰,差异有统计学意义(χ2=83.94,P<0.01)。结论湿包破坏了包装材料阻挡微生物的屏障作用,使微生物侵入已灭菌的无菌物品内造成污染,属于灭菌失败,需花费大量人力物力重新消毒灭菌处理包裹,因此,控制湿包的产生是消毒供应中心工作人员的重要责任。OBJECTIVE To analyze the causes of wet packs during the disinfection in central sterile supply depart-ment and put forward countermeasures for the control of wet packs so as to reduce the wet packs .METHODS The sterilization packs with the moisture content no more than 3% and more than 6% were defined as the wet packs according to the evaluation criteria of Technical specifications for disinfection .Totally 72 160 sterilization packs that were sterilized by 2 192 pot times of pulsation vacuum pressure sterilizer from Jan 2012 to Dec 2012 were ob-served .RESULTS The wet packs accounted for 8 .3% ,the packaging that was not standard accounted for 12 .5% , the steam mass accounted for 22 .0% ,the irrational loading accounted for 28 .6% ,the inappropriate cooling ac-counted for 13 .1% ,and the malfunction of sterilizer accounted for 15 .5% .According to the causes of the wet packs that were sterilized in the pressure sterilizer ,the items were kept dry ,the appropriate package materials were chosen for correct packing ,the steam quality had to be the saturated steam ,the standard management of op-eration was strengthened for the pursuit of correct loading ,correct operation of equipment ,and postoperative op-eration of the sterilizer .The rate of wet pack decreased from 2 .33 ‰ to 0 .66 after the control measures were taken ,there was significant difference （χ2 = 83 .94 , P 〈 0 .01） .CONCLUSION The wet packs have destroyed the function of barrier of blocking microorganisms and made the sterilized items contaminated by the microorganisms , leading to the failure of sterilization ;it needs to take large amount of manpower and resources for re-sterilization and processing of the packs ,therefore ,the control of the wet packs is the major responsibility for the staff in the central sterile supply department .

关 键 词：湿包 控制对策 研究 

分 类 号：R187[医药卫生—流行病学]