硅胶负载酸性离子液体催化CO_2环加成反应  

Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonate from CO_2 and Epoxide Catalyzed by Inorganic Silica Supported Acidic Ionic Liquid

作　　者：唐婧亚[1] 王华[1] 韩金玉[1] 姚锐[1] 

机构地区：[1]绿色合成与转化教育部重点实验室,天津大学化工学院,天津300072

出　　处：《化学工业与工程》2015年第2期18-24,共7页Chemical Industry and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21076152);教育部博士点基金(2100032110018)

摘　　要：制备了4种硅胶负载酸性离子液体,将其作为催化剂用于环氧烷烃和CO2的环加成反应,表现出高催化活性。系统地考察了不同负载离子液体的催化性能、反应压力、反应温度、反应时间和催化剂用量的影响,结果表明,硅胶负载的酸性离子液体在该环加成反应中具有良好的催化活性,环氧丙烷转化率均大于95%。在以[Smim]HSO4(0.5 g)作为催化剂时,碳酸丙烯酯的选择性为最大值90.6%。使用该催化剂0.5 g,以2.5 m L环氧丙烷(PO)作为反应物,在CO2压力1 MPa,反应温度140℃,反应5 h的条件下,环氧丙烷的转化率为96.3%。循环使用6次后,活性没有明显降低。提出了可能的反应机理。Four efficient catalysts composed of inorganic silica supported acidic ionic liquid were developed and showed high activities for the coupling reaction of expoxide and CO2. The effects of catalysts,CO2 pressure,reaction temperature,reaction time and catalyst amount have been investigated systematically. When all the silica supported ionic liquids were used as the catalyst,the conversion of PO was more than 95%. The highest selectivity of PC was 90. 6% when 0. 5 g [Smim]HSO4was used as the catalysts. A high conversion of PO（ 96. 3%） could be reached at 140 ℃ with a low CO2pressure（ 1. 0 MPa） and 2. 5 m L PO for 5 h in the present of 0. 5 g [Smim]HSO4. The catalyst could be reused for six times without apparent loss of catalytic activity. A proposed mechanism for the coupling reaction of CO2 and PO is suggested.

关 键 词：CO2 环氧烷烃 环加成反应 环状碳酸酯 负载型离子液体 无定型硅胶 

分 类 号：TQ225.5[化学工程—有机化工]