变压器典型缺陷局放特性及其带电检测技术研究  

Partial Discharge Characteristics of Typical Defects in 110 kV Transformer and Live Detection Technology

作　　者：钟理鹏 汲胜昌[1] 崔彦捷 王圆圆[1] 孟岩[2] 梁乃峰[2] 孙大陆[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室,西安710049 [2]新疆电力公司电力科学研究院,乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《高压电器》2015年第3期15-21,共7页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金：国家电网公司专题项目~~

摘　　要：油浸式变压器绝缘故障常常起源于局部放电造成的油纸绝缘劣化及老化,因此开展局部放电带电检测技术研究对于保证变压器的安全可靠运行意义重大。笔者在实验室中对所制作的针—板、悬浮电位两种模拟缺陷引起的局部放电超高频信号进行了研究,得到了两种缺陷在外施电压升高过程中的放电谱图,并分析了其产生原因及变化规律。结果表明:在纯净干燥变压器油中,针对针—板缺陷,首先在外施电压负半周峰值附近观察到放电信号,随着电压的升高,信号最终对称分布于正负半周峰值两侧;针对悬浮电位缺陷,最先于外施电压正负半周峰值处观察到放电信号,且随着电压升高,信号最终分布在第一和第三象限中。此外,笔者在实体变压器中设计安装了两种典型绝缘缺陷,并利用带电检测技术实现了对其局部放电信号的测量及分析,为该技术在变压器绝缘缺陷诊断中的实际应用奠定了基础。Insulation faults of transformers are usually caused by deterioration and aging of oil-paper insulation due to partial discharge（PD）, therefore, it is necessary to study live detection technology of PD for ensuring safe operation of a transformer. In this study, the ultra-high frequency（UHF） signals of partial discharge induced by the insulation defects of needle-plate and suspended potential, which were prepared in laboratory, were investigated,and the discharge spectrums of both defects were obtained in the process of applied voltage increasing. The result shows that for the needle-plate defect, discharge signals were firstly observed at the near peak of negative halfcycle of the applied voltage,and then symmetrically distributed around the peak of voltage waveform. For the suspended potential defect, discharge signals were firstly observed near the peaks of positive and negative halfcycles of the voltage, then the signals distributed in the whole first and third quadrants with the voltage increasing.Besides, two kinds of insulation defects were designed and set in a 110 kV transformer, and the real-time live detection technology was employed for measurement and analysis of the PD signals. This study may lay a foundation for application of the PD live detection technology to insulation fault diagnosis of transformers.

关 键 词：油浸式变压器 局部放电 带电检测 超高频 典型绝缘缺陷 

分 类 号：TM411[电气工程—电器]