基于高速公路气象监测数据分析的浓雾预报指标  

Weather Forecast Indexes of Dense Fogs Based on Traffic Weather Monitoring Data

作　　者：赵娜 孟宪罗[2,3] 马翠平 曲晓黎 张金满 

机构地区：[1]河北省气象服务中心,石家庄050021 [2]河北省气象技术装备中心,石家庄050021 [3]南京信息工程大学,南京210044

出　　处：《气象科技》2015年第1期145-150,共6页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：河北省科技厅项目"灾害性天气条件下高速公路通行管理技术研究"(12275405);河北省气象局项目"高速公路大雾天气潜势预报和预警服务指标研究"(13ky19)资助

摘　　要：利用京秦高速公路沿线交通气象监测站实况资料,通过对84个站次的浓雾雾生和雾消各气象要素变化特征进行分析,归纳出高速公路沿线浓雾和强浓雾天气雾生雾消的预报指标。爆发性强浓雾期间能见度少波动,在能见度爆发下降前,温度下降过程中的小幅上升对能见度突然下降有很好的指示作用;相对湿度在能见度爆发下降前1h内达到80%以上。一般性强浓雾大多数出现在温度波动之后继续直线下降期间;在500m浓雾出现1.5h之前空气相对湿度达90%以上,能见度达50m之前相对湿度基本达饱和状态。浓雾消散主要有两个方面,因冷空气造成的雾消,预报应着眼于冷空气前锋影响高速公路所在区域的时间;而由辐射升温造成的雾消,预报应着眼于对天空状况和升温速度的判断。Forecasting indexes of dense fog formation and dissipation along highway are summarized by analyzing the meteorological element features of 84 observation samples from the traffic meteorological observation data along the Beijing-Qinhuangdao Highway.The visibility during the dense fogs almost keeps unchanged.Small rise during the decline of temperature provides a good indicator of sudden visibility decreasing.The relative humidity can be up to greater than 80% in an hour before the sudden visibility decreasing.General dense fogs mostly appear during the continuous linear-decreasing period of temperature after temperature fluctuation.The relative humidity can reach up to greater than 90%,which happens 1.5 hour before the visibility decreases to less than 500m,and the relative humidity reaches the saturated state before the visibility decreases to less than 50m.When fog dissipation is caused by cold air,forecast should focus on the time when the cold front reaches the highway;when fog dissipation is caused by radiative temperature rise,forecast should focus on the judgment of weather conditions and temperature increasing speed.

关 键 词：高速公路 浓雾 预报指标 

分 类 号：P457.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]