饲粮磷水平对热应激奶牛生产性能和血液指标的影响  

Effects of Dietary Phosphorus Level on Production Performance and Blood Indicators of Dairy Cows under Heat Stress

作　　者：张玉诚 薛白[1] 肖俊[1] 闫方权 焦振辉 景小平[1] 王立志[1] 王之盛[1] 卜登攀[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,雅安625014 [2]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2015年第3期749-755,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划"热应激奶牛营养需要量参数及精细饲养工艺和营养调控技术研究"(2012BAD12B02)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮磷水平对热应激奶牛生产性能和血液指标的影响。试验采用单因素试验设计,选用体重、泌乳天数、胎次、产奶量相近的中国荷斯坦奶牛15头,随机分成3组,每组5头,分别饲喂磷水平为0.29%、0.35%和0.42%的饲粮(干物质基础)。结果表明:1)饲粮磷水平对热应激奶牛的干物质采食量影响不显著(P>0.05);0.29%组产奶量显著低于0.35%组和0.42%组(P<0.05)。2)0.29%组的乳脂率显著低于0.35%组和0.42%组(P<0.05),但对于乳糖率、乳蛋白率、乳非脂固形物率和饲料转化率各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)血清磷含量随饲粮磷水平的提高而极显著上升(P<0.01);0.29%组血清羟脯氨酸含量、碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于0.35%组和0.42%组(P>0.05)。4)随饲粮磷水平的升高,血清甲状旁腺素和骨钙素含量逐渐升高,0.35%组和0.42%组极显著高于0.29%组(P<0.01);血清降钙素含量逐渐降低,0.42%组极显著低于0.29%组和0.35%组(P<0.01)。本试验条件下,综合考虑血液指标和生产性能,热应激奶牛的适宜饲粮磷需要量为0.35%。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary phosphorus level on production performance and blood indicators of heat-stressed dairy cows. Fifteen Chinese Holstein cows with similar body weight, days in lactation, parity and milk yield were randomly assigned to 3 groups with 5 cows in each group. The dietary phosphorus level in 3 groups were 0.29%, 0.35% and 0.42% （dry matter basis）, respectively. The results showed as follows：1） there was no significant difference on dry matter intake among groups （ P〉0.05）; milk yield in 0.35% and 0.42% groups were significantly higher than that in 0.29% group （ P〈0.05） . 2） Milk fat percentage in 0.29% group was significant lower than that in the other groups （ P〈0.05） , howev-er, there were no significant differences among groups on milk protein percentage, lactose percentage, milk to-tal solid percentage and feed efficiency （P〉0.05）. 3） Serum phosphorus content was significantly increased with the elevated dietary phosphorus level （ P〈0.01）;the content of hydroxyproline and the activity of alkaline phosphatase in serum in 0. 35% and 0. 42% groups were significantly lower than those in 0. 29% group （ P〈0.05） . 4） With the increasing of dietary phosphorus level, serum parathormone and bone gla protein contents were increased, and 0.29% group was significantly lower than 0.35 % and 0.42% groups （ P〈0.01）; while serum calcitonin content was decreased, and 0. 42% group was significantly lower than 0. 29% and 0. 35%groups （ P〈0.01） . It is concluded that the optimal dietary phosphorus level is 0.35% for dairy cows under heat stress considering growth performance and blood indicators.

关 键 词：磷 热应激 奶牛 生产性能 血液指标 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]