团头鲂幼鱼饲料中α-亚麻酸、亚油酸的适宜含量  

Optimal Dietary α-Linolenic Acid and Linoleic Acid Contents of Blunt Snout Bream( Megalobrama amblycephala) Fingerlings

作　　者：姚林杰[1] 叶元土[1] 蔡春芳[1] 许凡[1] 刘猛[1] 刘汉超[1] 董娇娇[1] 陈科全[1] 黄雨薇[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学医学部基础医学与生物科学学院,江苏省水产动物营养重点实验室,苏州215123

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2015年第3期766-774,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003020)

摘　　要：在半纯化饲料配方的基础上,分别设计6个α-亚麻酸含量（0.02%、0.55%、1.08%、1.60%、2.13%、2.65%）、6个亚油酸含量（0.86%、1.29%、1.73%、2.16%、2.59%、3.03%）,以亚麻籽油、玉米油、棕榈油调节饲料中α-亚麻酸、亚油酸的含量,配制等氮等能（粗蛋白质含量为30.09%,粗脂肪含量为6.87%）的12种半纯化试验饲料,探讨团头鲂幼鱼[初始均重为（59.5±0.5）g]饲料中α-亚麻酸、亚油酸的适宜含量。养殖试验分为α-亚麻酸和亚油酸试验2部分,均设6组,每组4个重复,每个重复20尾,养殖周期为85 d。结果表明：在α-亚麻酸试验中,依据回归方程计算得到,在饲料α-亚麻酸含量分别为1.32%、1.33%时,团头鲂幼鱼具有最大的特定生长率和最小的饲料系数;0.02%组的脏体指数显著低于除1.08%组外的其他各组（P〈0.05）,肥满度、肝体指数各组间无显著差异（P〉0.05）;0.02%组血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯含量显著高于0.55%、1.08%组（P〈0.05）,1.60%组血清高密度脂蛋白含量显著高于0.55%、2.13%组（P〈0.05）,0.02%组血清低密度脂蛋白含量显著高于其他各组（P〈0.05）。在亚油酸试验中,依据回归方程计算得到,在饲料亚油酸含量分别为2.02%、2.03%时,团头鲂幼鱼具有最大的特定生长率和最小的饲料系数;3.03%组的肝体指数显著低于其他各组（P〈0.05）,肥满度、脏体指数各组间无显著差异（P〉0.05）;1.29%组血清总胆固醇含量显著高于1.73%组（P〈0.05）,0.86%组血清甘油三酯含量显著高于1.73%组（P〈0.05）,1.29%组血清高密度脂蛋白含量显著高于0.86%、3.03%组（P〈0.05）,各组血清低密度脂蛋白含量无显著差异（P〉0.05）。以特定生长率、饲料系数作为主要评价指标,结合部分血清生化指标和形体指标,得到适合团头鲂幼鱼快速生长、维持鱼体正常健康的饲料中适宜的亚麻酸、亚油酸含量分别为1.32%-1.33%、2.02%-2.03%。This experiment was conducted to estimate the optimal dietary α-linolenic acid （ LNA） and linoleic acid （ LA ） contents of blunt snout bream （ Megalobrama amblycephala ） fingerlings [ intial average body weight of （59.5±0.5） g]. The flax seed oil, corn oil and palm oil were used as lipid sources to regulate dieta-ry LNA and LA contents, a total of 6 gradients of LNA content such as 0. 02%, 0. 55%, 1. 08%, 1. 60%, 2.13% and 2. 65%, and 6 gradients of LA content such as 0. 86%, 1. 29%, 1. 73%, 2. 16%, 2. 59% and 3.03% were designed. Twelve isonitrogenous and isoenergetic semi-purified experimental diets （ crude protein content was 30.09%, and lipid content was 6.87%） were formulated. The feeding trial included 2 parts：LNA trial and LA trial. Each trial had 6 groups with 4 replicates per group and 20 fingerlings per replicate. The feed-ing period lasted for 85 days. The results showed as follows： in LNA trial, according to the regression equa-tions, fish had the biggest special gain rate （ SGR） and the smallest feed conversion ratio （ FCR） when dietary LNA content was 1.32% and 1.33%, respectively. The viscerosomatic index （VSI） in the 0.02% group was significantly higher than that in the other groups except 10.8% group （P〈0.05）, while the condition factor （ CF） and hepatosomatic index （ HSI） were not significantly different among all groups （ P〉0.05） . The serum total cholesterol （TCHO） and triglyceride （TG） contents in the 0.22% group were significantly higher than those in the 0.55% and 1.08% groups （P〈0.05）; the serum high density lipoprotein （HDL） content in the 1.60% group was significantly higher than that in the 0.55% and 2.13% groups （P〈0.05）; the serum low density lipoprotein （LDL） content in the 0.02% group was significantly higher than that in the other groups （ P〈0.05） . In LA trial, according to the regression equations, fish had the biggest SGR and the smallest FCR when dietary LA content was 2.02% and 2.03%, r

关 键 词：团头鲂 亚麻酸 亚油酸 需要量 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]