不同代谢蛋白质水平饲粮对8-10月龄后备奶牛生长发育、血液生化指标和体况评分的影响  

Effects of Different Dietary Metabolizable Protein Levels on Growth and Development,Blood Biochemical Indices and Body Condition Scores of 8 to 10-Month-Old Heifers

作　　者：葛汝方 陈青[1] 霍永久[1] 朱建民 王梦芝[1] 喻礼怀[1] 王洪荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科技学院,扬州225009 [2]扬州大学试验农牧场,扬州225008

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2015年第3期910-917,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划课题"后备牛营养需要量参数及配套精细饲养工艺研究"(2012BAD12B02-2)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同代谢蛋白质（MP）水平饲粮对8-10月龄后备奶牛生长发育、血液生化指标以及体况评分的影响。选取健康的8月龄中国荷斯坦后备奶牛24头,随机分为4组,每组6头,饲喂MP水平分别为9.03%、9.55%、10.09%和10.57%的4种饲粮[对应的小肠可消化粗蛋白质（IDCP）水平分别为6.87%、8.13%、9.40%和10.65%]。预试期15 d,正试期60 d。结果表明：1）MP和IDCP满足线性回归方程MP=6.234＋0.408×IDCP（R^2=0.999,P〈0.01,n=4）。2）MP水平为9.03%、9.55%、10.09%和10.57%的4组平均日增重（ADG）分别为0.93、1.04、1.09和1.00 kg/d,10.09%组显著高于9.03%组（P〈0.05）;9.55%组和10.09%组腹围显著或极显著高于9.03%组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。3）随着MP水平的提高,血清尿素氮（UN）含量逐渐提高,8和9周龄9.55%、10.09%和10.57%组极显著高于9.03%组（P〈0.01）,至10周龄9.55%、10.09%组与9.03%组差异不显著（P〉0.05）。4）各组试验牛体况评分在3.57-3.90之间,各组之间差异不显著（P〉0.05）,体况发育良好。综合生长发育、血液生化指标和体况评分等各方面的因素,在本试验条件下,饲粮MP水平为10.09%时,可满足8-10月龄中国荷斯坦后备奶牛ADG为1.09 kg/d的生长需要。This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary metabolizable protein （ MP） levels on growth and development, blood biochemical indices and body condition score （ BCS ） of 8 to 10-month-old heifers. Twenty four Chinese Holstein heifers were randomly divided into four groups with six heads per group, and were fed four different diets in which MP level was 9.03%, 9.55%, 10.09% and 10.57%, re-spectively, accordingly, IDCP level was 6.87%, 8.13%, 9.40% and 10.65%, respectively. The pre-experi-mental period was 15 days, and the experimental period was 60 days. The results showed as follows： 1） MP and IDCP satisfied the equation of MP=6.234＋0.408×IDCP （R^2=0.999, P〈0.01, n=4）. 2） The ADG in groups with MP levels of 9.03%, 9.55%, 10.09% and 10.57% was 0.93, 1.04, 1.09 and 1.00 kg/d, respec-tively, and 10. 09% group was significantly higher than 9. 03% group （ P〈0. 05 ）; the abdominal girth in 9.55% and 10.09% groups was significantly higher than that in 9.03% group （ P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） . 3） With the improvement of MP level, serum urinary nitrogen （ UN） content was increased accordingly, and 9.55%, 10.09% and 10.57% groups was significantly higher than 9.03% group at 8 to 9 months of age （P〈0.01）, while there was no significant difference among 9.03%, 9.55% and 10.09% groups at 10 months of age （ P〉0.05） . 4） The BCS of all heifers in different groups was between 3.57 and 3.90 without significant difference （P〉0.05）, and the body was well developed. As growth and development, blood biochemical indices and BCS are considered, it is concluded that 10.09% MP level in diet can meet the needs of 8 to 10-month-old Chi-nese Holstein heifers gaining 1.09 kg/d in the present experimental condition.

关 键 词：代谢蛋白质 荷斯坦后备奶牛 生长发育 体况评分 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]