裸燕麦EMS突变体库筛选与分析  

Identification and Analysis of EMS Mutant Library in Oat( Avena nuda L. )

作　　者：霍朋杰 吴斌[1] 张宗文[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 [2]国际生物多样性中心东亚办事处,北京100081

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2015年第2期379-384,共6页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程;国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD01B05-2);国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系(CARS-08-A-3)

摘　　要：燕麦是重要的粮饲兼用作物,构建燕麦EMS突变体库对燕麦功能基因组学研究和遗传改良有重要意义。本试验利用化学诱变剂甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS,ethyl methane sulfonate)处理燕麦品种花早2号,获得了4083株M1材料;对其中2000个单株种植了M2株行,进行全生育期调查,鉴定其表型变化;对2份黄化苗突变材料种植了M3家系,进行相关突变性状的稳定性验证。结果表明,燕麦经EMS处理后代变异巨大,在M2发现表型突变材料196份,变异率为9.8%,变异类型非常丰富,包括幼苗习性、叶片性状、分蘖、株高、穗部形态及成熟期等突变株系。M3证实突变的黄化苗特性可以稳定遗传。本研究建立了燕麦EMS诱变体系,获得的燕麦变异类型丰富,为燕麦功能基因组学研究和燕麦遗传改良奠定了材料基础。Oat is an important crop for food and feed in China. The construction of oat mutant library will be important for the study of functional genomics and genetic improvement of oat. In this study,seeds of oat Huazao 2was treated by chemical mutagen Ethyl methane sulfonate（ EMS）. A total of 4083 individual plants were obtained in M1. Biological characters and agronomic traits were investigated and phenotypic mutants were identified in m^2,which selected 2000 individuals among 4083. Two etiolated seedling mutants identified from m^2 were validated through M3. The results showed that great phenotypic variation appeared after EMS treatment. A total of 196 mutant plants were screened out in m^2 with 9. 8% of mutation rate of phenotypes including seedling habits,leaf appearance,plant height,spike and maturity. It was proved that the etiolated seedling mutation was steadily inherited in M3. This study has established the EMS mutagenesis system and identified various mutant types,which will provide a basic material for the study of functional genomics and genetic improvement of oat.

关 键 词：燕麦 甲基磺酸乙酯 突变体 

分 类 号：S512.6[农业科学—作物学]