情绪及情绪调节策略对认知灵活性的影响  

The Effects of Emotions and Emotion Regulation Strategies on Cognitive Flexibility

作　　者：仇璐昱 陈彩燕[1] 李静[1] 徐钟庚[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学教师教育学院

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2015年第3期421-425,共5页China Journal of Health Psychology

摘　　要：目的:考察不同情绪以及情绪调节策略对于被试认知灵活性的影响。方法:采用情绪调节问卷筛选出不同情绪调节策略的62名大学生作为被试。为启动对应情绪,随机分配每位被试观看积极、消极或者中性影片片段;之后要求58名情绪已启动的被试执行包括保持和转换两个阶段的数字分类任务。保持阶段要求被试对特定颜色的靶数字反应,同时忽略其他颜色的数字;转换阶段要求被试对其他颜色的靶数字反应,而原先的靶数字的颜色则作为分心数字的颜色。保持结束阶段与转换开始阶段的反应时之差为即为转换损失,作为表现认知灵活性的因变量。结果:不同情绪启动下被试的转换损失存在显著差异(F=3.474,P=0.038);积极情绪与消极情绪(P=0.031)、中性情绪(P=0.023)均存在显著差异,但消极情绪条件与中性条件(P=0.882)的差异不显著。情绪调节策略在转换损失上的差异不显著(F=0.562,P=0.457),情绪调节策略和启动情绪类型的交互作用也不显著(F=0.352,P=0.705)。结论:相比于消极和中性情绪,积极情绪能显著提高被试的认知灵活性;而认知重评和表达抑制这两种情绪调节策略对认知灵活性的影响并不存在显著差异。Objective：To explore the effects of emotion regulation strategies and emotions on cognitive flexibility.Methods：62 undergraduates were chosen by Emotion Regulation Questionnaire as participants using different Emotion Regulation.In order to arouse the appropriate emotion,participants were distribu-ted to watch different positive,negative and neutral filmstrips.58 aroused participants were distributed to digit-categorization task which contained maintaining condition and switching condition.In the maintai-ning condition,participants were required to respond to a target digit appearing in a pre-specified color, while ignoring a distracter digit appearing in a different color.In the switching condition,the participants had to respond to the stimuli in a new color,while the distracters appeared in the color of the previous tar-get.Results：Participants＇switch cost revealed significant differences among different emotional arouse （ F （2,52）=3.474,P〈0.05）.The results revealed significant difference between the positive emotional a-rouse condition and the negative emotional arouse condition（P〈0.05） as well as the positive emotional arouse condition and neutral emotional arouse condition（P〈0.05）.However,there were no significant differences between the negative emotional arouse condition and neutral emotional arouse condition.More-over,there was no significant ifference of switch cost among the different emotion regulation methods.In addition,there was no significant interaction effect between different emotion regulation methods and emo-tion priming.Conclusion：The positive emotion can improve cognitive flexibility prominent,but cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression have difference on switch cost.

关 键 词：情绪 情绪调节策略 转换损失 认知灵活性 

分 类 号：R395.9[哲学宗教—心理学] B842[医药卫生—医学心理学]