乙烯裂解蒸汽发生机组换热器油垢组成及结垢机理分析  

Composition analysis and forming mechanism of oil fouling of heat exchanger in ethylene pyrolysis steam generating unit

作　　者：周晓[1] 蔡晓君[1] 宋文龙[1] 张建军[1] 王国华[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京石油化工学院机械工程学院,北京102617 [2]中国石化燕山分公司化工一厂乙烯裂解车间,北京102500

出　　处：《石化技术与应用》2015年第2期154-158,共5页Petrochemical Technology & Application

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金资助项目(项目编号:3132010)

摘　　要：采用红外光谱、热重、X射线衍射、能谱、裂解气质联用等分析手段,对乙烯裂解装置蒸汽发生机组换热器油垢的组成进行了定性及定量测定,并结合工艺流程及管/壳程介质成分,推断出结垢机理。结果表明,油垢中聚苯乙烯质量分数高达42.68%,这类成分是由工艺介质中所含苯乙烯、茚、胶质等组分的活性自由基聚合及环化生成;此外,还含有部分聚合反应产物经多次脱氢缩合生成的焦炭垢,以及少量因工艺介质对设备壁面腐蚀生成的氧化铁等无机垢。The composition of oil fouling of heat exchangers in ethylene pyrolysis steam generating unit were determined by infrared spectroscopy （IR） , differential thermogravimetry （DTG） , X - ray diffrac- tion （XRD）, X -ray photo electron spectroscopy （EDS）, pyrolysis gas chromatography- mass spectrometry （ Py - GC/MS） etc analysis methods, and the fouling mechanism were deduced according to the process and medium composition in tube and shell sides. The results showed that the mass fraction of polystyrene in oil fouling reached upto 42.68% ,the polymer components were produced by active radical polymerization and cyclization of styrene,indene and gelatin et al in process mediums. The oil fouling also contained some coke scales from the products of dehydrogenated condensation polymerization and a small amount of inorganic scales, such as iron oxide,which fromed by wall corrosion.

关 键 词：乙烯 裂解 蒸汽发生机组换热器 油垢 管/壳程介质 焦垢 无机垢 结垢机理 

分 类 号：TQ221.211[化学工程—有机化工]