含铀废液中沥青铀矿的形成条件与产物  

Formation conditions of uraninite and mineralogical analysis in uranium-containing wastewater

作　　者：崔春龙[1] 李强[2] 张东[3] 王晓丽[3] 吴涛[3] 张玲[4] 易发成[5] 

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学土木工程与建筑学院,四川绵阳621010 [2]西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川绵阳621010 [3]中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所,四川绵阳621900 [4]西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院,四川绵阳621010 [5]西南科技大学核废物与环境安全国防重点学科实验室,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《成都理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第1期122-128,共7页Journal of Chengdu University of Technology: Science & Technology Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会和中国工程物理研究院联合基金资助项目(11176030)

摘　　要：除用于找矿目的进行的（天然与合成）沥青铀矿形成条件研究外,用于含铀废液处理的沥青铀矿形成的研究还未见报道。作者从含铀废液处理的需要出发,借鉴了沥青铀矿形成的研究成果,探讨了低温物理化学条件下类硝酸铀酰溶液的废液体系中沥青铀矿的形成及其产物的特点,为含铀废液的处理提供新的思路。实验表明：在硝酸铀酰溶液（代替含铀废液）体系中,酸性、还原条件下有利于沥青铀矿的形成;在较低温度下,只有在酸性条件下才能形成沥青铀矿;在较高温度下,在酸性、弱碱性条件下也可以形成沥青铀矿。温度越高,Eh值越低,沥青铀矿形成的速率越快。形成的沥青铀矿的主要化学成分是UO2、UO3,晶胞参数在0.540 6~0.543 9nm范围内。随着温度升高,其沥青铀矿中的铀含量越高、结晶度越好、晶胞参数越大。形成的沥青铀矿集合体多以球粒状为主。Except for the formation conditions research of natural and synthetic uraninites for searching for mines,there is no report about the forming conditions research of uraninite for the processing of uranium-containing wastewater.In order to meet the needs of the processing of uranium-containing wastewater,on the basis of the research results of the uraninite＇s formation,this paper discusses the formation of uraninite and its mineralogical analysis in the wastewater system of the like uranyl nitrate solution under the low temperature physicochemical conditions to provide a new method for theprocessing of uranium-containing wastewater.The experimental results show that in the uranyl nitrate solution（instead of the uranium-containing wastewater）,the acidic and reductive conditions are in favour of the formation of uraninite.Under low temperature,only under acidic conditions,uraninite can form,but under high temperature,under acidic and weak alkalic conditions,uraninite can form.The higher the temperature and the lower the Eh value,the faster the speed of the uraninite＇formation.The main chemical compositions of the uraninite are UO2 and UO3,whose cell parameters are in the range of 0.5406~0.5439 nm.With the increase of the temperature,the uranium content of uraninite is increases,the crystallinity is better,and the cell parameters are larger.The forming uraninite aggregates are mainly spherulitic.

关 键 词：含铀废液 沥青铀矿 物化条件 矿物学分析 

分 类 号：X771[环境科学与工程—环境工程]