晚清同文馆从“西文”向“西学”的转变——晚清同文馆设立天文算学馆的争议  

Shifting from Western Languages to Western Learning in Late Qing:A Debate over Setting up Astronomy & Mathematics Branch at Tongwen Guan

作　　者：陈海燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学高等教育研究所,北京100089

出　　处：《昆明学院学报》2015年第1期105-109,共5页Journal of Kunming University

摘　　要：19世纪下半叶,两次鸦片战争彻底打破了中国闭关锁国的局面,引发了中国统治阶层自我认知的危机,中西文化交流主要体现为西学东渐。同文馆增设天文算学馆,表面上是新型教育机构的发展问题,实质上是西学东渐走向深入的体现,改革教育旧体制的分歧正是统治阶层对西学认识的区别所致。同文馆从"西文"向"西学"的最终转变,体现了社会剧变对思想观念更迭的深刻影响。During the second half of the 19th century,two Opium Wars helped the western countries break into the mainland of China which previously shut its door to the outside world,causing self-recognition crisis among Chinese ruling class.As one of the coping measures,the focus of cultural exchanges between China and the West changed from languages to western learning.The setup of astron-omy and mathematics branch at Tongwen Guan,or the School of Combined Learning,appeared to be a development issue of establishing new-type education institution,is essentially an important event during the process of introducing western learning to the east.The de-bate and the disputes over reforming the old education system were originated from different opinions held by the ruling class on western learning.The ultimate transition from western languages to western learning at Tongwen Guan also indicated profound impacts of social changes on ideological evolution.

关 键 词：晚清 同文馆 天文算学 西学东渐 

分 类 号：K256[历史地理—历史学]