我国18岁以上居民卫生服务需求影响因素的实证研究  

Empirical study on the influencing factors of the demand for health service in residents aged over 18 years in China

作　　者：游毅[1] 何静[1] 许健[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学管理学院,北京100029 [2]中国科学院大学管理学院

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2015年第3期284-288,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(项目编号:12YJC910002)

摘　　要：目的探讨影响我国18岁以上居民卫生服务需求的因素并分析作用机制。方法基于中国健康和营养调查2011年数据,针对18岁以上居民,以健康状况、人口统计学特征、经济和医疗保险四方面为指标,运用两分类的Logistic回归模型进行研究,再采用中介变量和调节变量进行解释。结果疾病越严重、年龄越大、受教育程度越低、农村户口、有医疗保险的人群就诊率越高,男性的就诊率比女性低,北京、上海等经济发达地区的就诊率高。收入越高会提高健康水平,使得就诊率降低。年龄对于健康因素对就诊率的影响有负效应,而医疗保险具有正效应。结论疾病严重程度、年龄、性别、受教育程度、所在省市、户籍和医疗保险对我国18岁以上居民卫生服务需求的影响有统计学意义,疾病严重程度对于收入的影响有中介作用,年龄与医疗保险是疾病严重程度对就诊率影响的调节变量。Objective To explore the factors influencing the demand for health service in residents aged over 18 years in China and to analyze its mechanisms. Methods Based on the data of China Health and Nutrition Survey（ CHNS） 2011,with residents aged over 18 years as respondents,with the health condition,demographical characteristics,economic factors and medical insurance as indexes,binary Logistic regression model was applied to carry on the research,and mediator and moderator were used to interpret the relations of variables. Results The consultation rates of rural residents with serious illness,old age,low level of education and health insurance were high. The consultation rate of males was lower than that of females,and economically developed areas such as Beijing and Shanghai had higher consultation rates. The higher income could improve health level so as to make the consultation rate lower. Age had a negative effect on the effect of health on the consultation rate,while medical insurance had a positive effect. Conclusions The severity of the disease,age,gender,educational background,region,household registration and medical insurance show statistically significant impact on the demand for health service in residents aged over 18 years in China. The severity of the disease is a mediator of the income. Age and medical insurance are moderators of the effect of the severity of the disease on the consultation rate.

关 键 词：卫生服务需求 影响因素 LOGISTIC回归 中介变量 调节变量 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]