吉林省西部地区农民慢性病患病现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the prevalence of chronic diseases and its influencing factors among the peasants in western area of Jilin Province

作　　者：姜停停 逄凯[1] 于建星[1] 杨森[1] 马永辉[1] 陶育纯[1] 俞琼[1] 于雅琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室,吉林长春130021

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2015年第3期375-378,321,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：吉林省卫生厅科研基金(2011Z116)

摘　　要：目的了解吉林省西部地区农民主要慢性病患病现状及其影响因素,为农民慢性病预防和控制提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,在吉林省白城市及松原市抽取5个县、区,对抽取的1 295名18~79周岁的常住农民进行面对面问卷调查及体格检查。采用复杂加权的方法进行患病率及其危险因素的估计,应用多因素Logistic回归分析探索慢性病的影响因素。结果 2012年吉林省西部地区农民慢性病的总患病率为49.3%,其中女性慢性病患病率（60.8%）比男性（37.8%;χ^2=68.430,P〈0.001）高。患病率居前4位的慢性病为高血压（16.3%）、关节炎（12.4%）、椎间盘疾病（11.6%）、缺血性心脏病（9.5%）。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析表明,经常摄入水果（OR=0.508）是保护因素,女性（OR=2.485）、年龄大（OR=4.932）、既往吸烟（OR=1.957）、超重（OR=2.060）、肥胖（OR=1.542）、有慢病家族史（OR=1.520）是吉林省西部地区农民慢性病的主要危险因素。结论吉林省西部地区农民慢性病总患病率较高,心脑血管疾病、骨骼肌肉系统和结缔组织疾病是危害农民健康的主要慢性病,应针对以上高危人群制定和实施积极的防控措施。Objective To investigate the prevalence of chronic diseases（ CDs） and its influencing factors among the peasants in western area of Jilin Province so as to provide scientific evidence for CDs prevention and control among the peasants. Methods Face-to-face questionnaire survey and physical examination were conducted among 1,295 rural residents aged 18-79 years and selected from 5 counties or districts of Baicheng City and Songyuan City in Jilin Province by multistage cluster randomly sampling. The prevalence rates of CDs and the related risk factors among the peasants were analyzed through complex weighted computation. Multifactor unconditional Logistic regression analysis model was used to analyze the factors affecting CDs. Results The total prevalence rate of CDs among the peasants in western area of Jilin Province in 2012 was 49. 3%,of which the rate was higher in females than in males（ 60. 8% vs. 37. 8%,χ^2= 68. 430,P〈0. 001）. Hypertension,arthritis,intervertebral disc disease and ischemic heart disease were the top 4 CDs in the study population,with the prevalence rates of 16. 3%,12. 4%,11. 6%and 9. 5%,respectively. The results of multifactor unconditional Logistic regression analysis showed that regular intake of fruits（ OR = 0. 508） was the protective factor,while the female（ OR = 2. 485）,older age（ OR = 4. 932）,smoking experience（ OR =1. 957）,overweight（ OR = 2. 060）,obesity（ OR = 1. 542） and family history of chronic diseases（ OR = 1. 520） were the main risk factors of CDs among the peasants in western area of Jilin Province. Conclusions The total prevalence of CDs of the peasants in western area of Jilin Province is high; moreover,cardiovascular diseases and musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases are the main CDs affecting the peasants＇ health. The relevant health departments should formulate and implement the effective measures regarding CDs prevention and control among the high-risk groups.

关 键 词：农民 慢性病 患病率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195.1[医药卫生—卫生统计学]