某市蔬菜基地土壤重金属污染状况研究  

A study on the heavy metal pollution in soils of vegetable plantation bases

作　　者：杨柳桦[1] 胡云卿[1] 林滔[1] 支红峰 方新艳 陈寿江[1] 王健康 孙烨[1] 

机构地区：[1]永康市疾病预防控制中心,浙江永康321300 [2]永康市人民政府蔬菜办公室

出　　处：《浙江预防医学》2015年第3期240-244,253,共6页Zhejiang Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：金华市科学技术研究计划农业项目(2011-2-060)

摘　　要：目的了解某市蔬菜基地土壤中铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)、镍(Ni)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、砷(As)、汞(Hg)含量及污染程度。方法分别在某市5个蔬菜基地采集84份土壤样品,采用原子吸收光谱法测定Pb、Cd、Cr、Ni、Cu和Zn的含量,原子荧光光谱法测定As和Hg的含量,并根据《农产品安全质量无公害蔬菜产地环境要求》和《土壤环境质量标准》,采用变化程度等级、单项污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法进行评价。结果某市蔬菜基地土壤8种重金属平均含量除Cd高于标准外,其他7种均符合国家标准。蔬菜基地土壤重金属含量变化程度Pb、Ni、Cu、As为1级,属基本无变化、清洁;Cd、Cr、Zn、Hg为2级,属轻度变化、低累积。采用内梅罗综合污染指数法进行评价,综合污染指数为0.86,为2级,属警戒限。结论某市蔬菜基地土壤重金属含量基本符合国家标准要求,总体质量较好,但镉超标情况相对较严重,应引起注意。Objective To know the status of heavy metal（ Pb,Cd,Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,Hg and As） contents and level of pollution in soils of vegetable plantation bases in Yongkang City. Methods A total of 84 samples from 5 vegetable plantation bases was collected and determined. Pb,Cd,Cr,Ni,Cu and Zn were determined by AAS. Hg and As were determined by AFS. And results were evaluated by using cumulative degree level,a single pollution index and Nemerow pollution index according to Safety Qualification of Agricultural Product- Environmental Requirements for Origin of Non-environmental Pollution Vegetable and Soil Environmental Quality Standard. Results The content of Cd was higher than the standard,while the other 7 heavy metals were in line with national standards. The Pb,Ni,Cu,As in vegetable plantation bases located on level one（ fundamental change,clean）,and Cd,Cr,Zn,Hg were level two（ mild change,low accumulation）. The integrated pollution index of vegetable plantation soils in Yongkang City was 0. 86（ level two,warning limit）. Conclusion The heavy metal contents in soils of vegetable plantation bases in Yongkang City are in line with national standards except Cd.

关 键 词：土壤 重金属 污染 评价 

分 类 号：R124[医药卫生—环境卫生学]