基于仿生学原理的射流表面减阻性能研究  

Study on drag reduction characteristics of a jet surface based on the principles of bionics

作　　者：李芳[1] 赵刚[1] 刘维新[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学机电工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2015年第2期222-227,共6页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51275102)

摘　　要：针对仿生射流表面减阻问题,建立仿生射流表面模型,利用SST k-ω湍流模型对其进行数值模拟,所得射流速度曲线与实验数据吻合良好。研究射流流体对边界层厚度的影响规律,探讨仿生射流表面的减阻机理。利用4因素3水平的正交试验,对射流表面和光滑表面摩擦阻力进行对比分析,得到了射流模型参数对减阻效果和节能效果的影响规律:在不考虑外加射流能量的情况下最大减阻率达50.41%;射流速度对节能效果的影响最大,主流速度对节能效果的影响其次,节能效率与主流速度成正比,最大节能效率为276。射流改变了边界层内的流场结构,使得射流表面的边界层厚度增大,垂直于射流表面的速度梯度减小,摩擦阻力减小。The model of the bionic jet surface was built for the study of drag reduction on the bionic jet surface. Numerical simulations were carried out by using SST k -ω model. The curves of jet velocity from simulations are in good agreement with experimental data. Furthermore, this paper studied the influence of jet fluid on the thickness of the boundary layer, and explored the drag reduction mechanism of the bionic jet surface. The comparative analysis of friction drag of the jet surface and the smooth surface were performed by using orthogonal experimental design. From the analysis, it can be found that jet model parameters contribute greatly to drag reduction and energy-saving effect. Specifically, the rate of drag reduction can be up to 50.41% without considering the external jet energy. And the jet velocity has greatest impact on energy-saving effect. Then, the influence of cross-flow velocity on energy-sav- ing effect is followed： the energy efficiency is indirect proportion to cross-flow velocity and the maximum of energy efficiency can be up to 276. It also can be found that jet has changed the flow structure in the boundary layer and increased the thickness of boundary layer. Then, velocity gradient perpendicular to the jet surface is decreased and the friction dra~ is reduced.

关 键 词：射流表面 减阻 数值模拟 正交试验设计 边界层 

分 类 号：TB17[生物学—生物工程]