节镍奥氏体不锈钢Cr18Mn6Ni4N的组织及性能  

Microstructure and property of Cr18Mn6Ni4N nickel-saving austenite stainless steel

作　　者：房菲[1] 李静媛[1] 王一德[1] 秦丽雁[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100083 [2]太原钢铁(集团)有限公司,山西太原030002

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2015年第2期276-281,共6页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50974014;51174026);十二五国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAE04B02)

摘　　要：为节约镍资源,研究了不同成分17.8~19.1%Cr,3.93~6.05%Mn,3.58~4.62%Ni,0.32~0.42%N节镍型奥氏体不锈钢固溶后的力学性能和耐蚀性能,以期获得可替代304不锈钢的新钢种。结果表明：Cr18.4Mn5.98Ni4.62N0.42不锈钢的力学性能和耐蚀性能与304不锈钢相当。分析了该成分不锈钢时效处理后的组织演变规律、冷变形过程中奥氏体稳定性及形变诱发马氏体相变过程。结果表明：800℃是Cr2N相析出的鼻尖温度,随着时效时间的增加,析出相首先以颗粒状形貌沿晶界析出,而后以胞状析出方式向晶内生长。冷轧压下率18.5%时尚未发现形变诱发马氏体组织,随着变形量增大,片层状ε＇马氏体含量先增加后减少至消失,而板条状α＇马氏体含量逐渐增多,相对磁导率增加,但其奥氏体稳定性远高于304不锈钢。可见,Cr18.4Mn5.98Ni4.62N0.42不锈钢可替代304不锈钢。In order to save nickel resource and obtain a new type of stainless steel that can take place of the 304 stainless steel, the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of nickel-saving austenitic stainless steels with different alloy compositions （17.8-19.1%Cr, 3.93-6.05%Mn, 3.58-4.62%Ni, 0.32-0.42%N） were studied after solution heat treatment. The results indicated that the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the Crl8. 4Mn5.98Ni4.62N0.42 austenitic stainless steel are similar to that of ＂304＂ stainless steel. The microstruetural evolution after aging treatment, stability of austenite during cold working and the phase change proeess of martensite induced by deformation were analyzed. The results indicate that tile nose temperature of Cr2N phase precipitation is 800~C, and with the increase in the annealing time, granular Cr2N phases precipitate along grain boundaries firstly, and then lamellar precipitates begin to grow into grains. Deformation-induced martensite did not appear at a reduction rate of 18.5% in cold foiling. However, with increasing deformation, the amount of lamellar e＇martensite first increased, then decreased, and at last it disappeared. The amount of lath martensite gradually increased. Although the relative magnetic conductivity rose with increasing deformation, the austenite stability of Crl8.4Mn5. 98Ni4.62N0.42 austenitic stainless steel is better than that of ＂304＂ stainless steel. Therefore, Cr18.4Mn5.98Ni4. 62N0.42 austenitic stainless steel can replace that of ＂304＂ stainless steel.

关 键 词：节镍 奥氏体不锈钢 力学性能 耐蚀性能 组织 

分 类 号：TG113[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]