产褥期合理的营养保健对产妇产后恢复的影响  

The Impact of Reasonable Puerperal Nutrition and Health on Postpartum Recovery

作　　者：文莉[1] 张波[2] 易念华[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省妇幼保健院妇女保健科,武汉430070 [2]广州军区武汉总医院呼吸内科,武汉430070

出　　处：《医学综述》2015年第5期951-953,共3页Medical Recapitulate

摘　　要：目的探讨产褥期合理的营养保健对产妇产后恢复的影响。方法选取2012年6月至2014年6月在湖北省妇幼保健院分娩的228例产妇为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为观察组及对照组,各114例。对照组产褥期间给予常规性护理,观察组于产后1~5 d实施产褥期营养保健宣教,干预前后应用自行设计的产妇产褥期知识、信念及行为问卷对两组进行调查。记录两组产妇产后5 d子宫底高度、恶露排出量、泌乳量。两组患者随访至产后42 d,记录两组产褥期疾病发生情况。结果干预后观察组产褥期知识、行为及信念评分均显著高于对照组[（21.0±3.0）分比（17.1±3.2）分,（53.0±5.8）分比（42.4±6.1）分,（81.0±6.5）分比（69.2±7.0）分,P〈0.01]。观察组产后子宫底高度低于对照组[（7.0±1.2）cm比（10.8±1.6）cm,P〈0.05],恶露排出量少于对照组[（7.2±1.0）m L/d比（12.0±1.2）m L/d,P〈0.01],泌乳量多于对照组[（348±13）m L/d比（273±11）m L/d,P〈0.01]。观察组产后抑郁、乳房胀痛、尿潴留、产褥期感染、子宫复旧不全、便秘、产后失眠等产褥期疾病发生率高于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论产褥期营养保健宣教可有助于提高孕妇产褥期知识,帮助其树立正确的观念,改善其不良行为,降低产妇产褥期并发症发生率,促使产妇全面康复。Objective To investigate the effect of reasonable nutrition and health care for postpartum recovery.Methods A total of 228 maternal women from Maternal and Child Health Care of Hubei Prov-ince during Jun.2012 and Jun.2014 were included in the study and divided into observation group （ n=114）and control group（n=114）.The control group were given routine postpartum nursing.The observa-tion group were given postpartum nutrition and health education during the postpartum 1-5 d.Two groups were surveyed with the maternal postpartum KAP questionnaire before and after the intervention .The maternal womb bottom height, lochia discharge amount,and lactation of the two groups were recorded after 5 d.Two groups were followed up to postpartum 42 d,and the postpartum disease occurrence of the two groups were recorded.Results The postpartum postpartum knowledge, behavior and beliefs score of the observation group were significantly higher than the control group[（21.0 ±3.0）vs （17.1 ±3.2）, （53.0 ± 5.8） vs （42.4 ±6.1）,81.0 ±6.5） vs （69.2 ±7.0）,P〈0.05].The postpartum uterine fundus of the observation group was higher than the control group[（7.0 ±1.2） cm vs （10.8 ±1.6） cm,P〈0.05], lochia discharge was less than the control group[（7.2 ±1.0） mL/d vs （12.0 ±1.2） mL/d,P〈0.01], milk yield was more than the control group[（348 ±13） mL/d vs （273 ±11） mL/d,P〈0.05].The rate of postpartum depression, breast distension and pain, urinary retention, puerperal infection, incomplete uterine involution,constipation,and postpartum insomnia of the observation group were higher than the control group（P 〈0.01）.Conclusion Postpartum nutrition and health education can help improve maternal postpartum knowledge to establish a correct concept,correct their bad behavior,reduce the inci-dence of postpartum complications,and prompt the full recovery.

关 键 词：产褥期 营养保健 产后恢复 

分 类 号：R714.6[医药卫生—妇产科学]