典型城市夏季碳组分污染特征与来源解析  

Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Carbonaceous Aerosols During Summer Period in Typical Cities

作　　者：王刚[1] 韩力慧[1] 程水源[1] 郎建垒[1] 温维[1] 刘超[1] 杨孝文[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学区域大气复合污染防治北京市重点实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《北京工业大学学报》2015年第3期452-460,共9页Journal of Beijing University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51038001)

摘　　要：为了研究京津冀地区典型城市PM2.5及其碳组分的污染特征和来源,选取北京和唐山具有代表性的5个监测点于2012年7月3日至30日进行了PM2.5样品采集.分析研究了PM2.5、有机碳(OC)和元素碳(EC)的质量浓度及变化特征,采用OC/EC最小比值法估算了二次有机碳(SOC)的质量浓度,并使用因子分析法解析了碳组分来源.结果表明:采样期间北京市PM2.5、OC和EC质量浓度分别为76.2±38.5μg/m3、7.0±2.2μg/m3和3.0±1.4μg/m3,均低于唐山的97.7±38.8μg/m3、11.7±6.3μg/m3和7.0±5.0μg/m3;北京灰霾天气PM2.5、OC和EC浓度分别为非霾天气的2.0、1.2和1.8倍,唐山相应为1.4、1.5和1.6倍;北京和唐山SOC质量浓度分别为3.0μg/m3和5.1μg/m3,分别占OC质量浓度的42.9%和43.6%;北京和唐山PM2.5中碳组分主要来源于燃煤和机动车尾气,其贡献量均超过75%,因此要进一步加强清洁能源替代、控制机动车保有量的增长及提高车用油质量.To study the characteristics and sources of PM2. 5and its carbonaceous components in typical cities of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,PM2. 5sampling was conducted in five sites of Beijing and Tangshan from July 3rd to 30 th,2012. Concentrations and variation characteristics of PM2. 5,OC and EC were analyzed. The OC / EC minimum ratio method was used to estimate the concentration of SOC,and the factor analysis method was used to analyze the source apportionment of carbonaceous materials. Results showed that the concentration of PM2. 5,OC and EC in Beijing was 76. 2 ± 38. 5 μg /m3,7. 0 ± 2. 2μg /m3,and 3. 0 ± 1. 4 μg /m3,respectively,which was lower than the corresponding concentration of97. 7 ± 38. 8 μg / m3,11. 7 ± 6. 3 μg /m3,and 7. 0 ± 5. 0 μg /m3,in Tangshan,respectively. The concentration of PM2. 5,OC and EC in haze weather was 2. 0,1. 2 and 1. 8 times of that in non-haze weather in Beijing and 1. 4,1. 5,and 1. 6 times of that in Tangshan. The concentration of SOC was 3. 0μg /m3 and 5. 1 μg / m3,accounting for 42. 9% and 43. 6% of the total OC concentration in Beijing and Tangshan,respectively. The two main sources of carbonaceous aerosols in PM2. 5were coal combustion and vehicle exhaust. The joint contributions of the two sources were both larger than 75% in Beijing andTangshan. Therefore,effective emission mitigation measures for the above two sources,such as clean energy substitution,vehicle population growth control and fuel quality improvement are needed.

关 键 词：PM2.5 有机碳 元素碳 来源解析 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]