景观格局动态变化对生态服务价值的影响——以宁夏中部干旱带为例  

Effects of the Landscape Pattern Dynamic Changes on Ecological Service Value—A Case Study in the Central Ningxia Arid Zone

作　　者：王重玲[1] 朱志玲[1] 白琳波 程淑杰[1] 路彩玲 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学资源环境学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2015年第2期329-335,共7页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41161078);宁夏自然科学基金项目(NZ1129)

摘　　要：基于遥感、GIS技术、景观生态学等方法,以宁夏中部干旱带红寺堡区、盐池县、海原县和同心县为研究区,利用1989、1999、2006年和2011年的TM影像为数据源,对该区20世纪90年代以来,草地和耕地景观格局变化及生态服务价值进行分析。结果表明:1该区域草地面积和耕地中的水浇地面积增幅较大,对环境优化起到了非常重要的调节作用;2由于受人类活动的干扰,土地利用格局发生了较大变化,破碎化程度、空间异质性增加,产生了生态退化效应;3 21世纪初以来,在退耕还林(还草)、封山禁牧、水利措施及生态移民等工程的实施,使得土地利用结构得以调整,环境生态开始好转。总体来说,环境生态越好,所表现的生态服务价值也就越高,生态系统服务价值在很大程度上反映了环境质量的好坏。研究结果对于该区域的土地利用政策及环境优化具有一定的参考价值。This study analyzed how the landscape pattern dynamic changes affected the ecological service values in grasslands and arable lands in the central arid zone of Ningxia since 1990 s. Hongsibu area,Tongxin county,Haiyuan county and Yanchi county were selected as the study areas and TM images from 1989,1999,2006 and2011 were selected as the main data sources. Remote sensing,GIS and landscape ecology research methods were adopted. The results showed that the areas of the grasslands and the irrigated lands significantly increased in the above mentioned regions,which played an important role in environment optimization. The land use pattern has been greatly changed due to the human activities. The degree of fragmentation and spatial heterogeneity obviously increased,which resulted in ecological environment degradation. Since the beginning of the 21 st century,the adoption of the environmental polices such as the implementation of the returning grain plots to forest or grassland,grazing prohibition,water conservation measures and ecological migration engineering improved the quality of the ecological environment and the structure of the land use. Overall,the better the ecological environment,the higher the ecological service value. The ecosystem service value in certain degree reflected the quality of an ecological environment. The results of this study provided theoretical and practical knowledges to the land use policies and the ecological environment optimization.

关 键 词：景观格局 动态变化 生态系统服务价值 宁夏中部 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]