冷休克诱导尼罗罗非鱼♀×萨罗罗非鱼♂三倍体研究  

Study on triploidy induction of Oreochromis niloticus ♀ × Sarotherodon melanotheron ♂ using cold shock

作　　者：赵岩[1] 赵金良[1] 罗明坤[1] 梁从飞[1] 李传阳[1] 伍勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学农业部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2015年第2期161-166,共6页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-49-4B);上海海洋大学博士科研启动基金(A1-0209-13-0105390);上海高校知识服务平台上海海洋大学水产动物遗传育种中心(ZF1206)

摘　　要：为了提高尼罗罗非鱼和萨罗罗非鱼人工杂交种的制种效率,以尼罗罗非鱼为母本,萨罗罗非鱼为父本进行人工授精,用冷休克抑制第二极体释放的方法诱导异源三倍体。实验对人工授精后处理起始时间（timing after-fertilization,TA）、处理温度（temperature,T）、处理持续时间（duration,D）这3个参数分别进行单因素实验,并设立尼罗罗非鱼♀×尼罗罗非鱼、尼罗罗非鱼♀×萨罗罗非鱼两个对照组。在T=♂♂9℃、D=30 min下,受精后10 min处理组检测不到三倍体;在TA=7min、D=30 min下,T=5-9℃能得到97.2%-100%的三倍体诱导率;在TA=7 min、T=9℃下,D超过60 min,孵化率为0。因此,尼罗罗非鱼♀×萨罗罗非鱼异源三倍体的最适宜诱导条件为：受精后7 min,♂处理温度9℃,处理持续时间30 min,诱导率为98.3%-100%,相应的孵化率为17.5%-19.1%。在获得100%三倍体的处理组中（除去TA=7min、T=9℃、D=50 min处理组）,孵化率为9.6%-19.1%,高于相应杂交二倍体组的孵化率（7.6%-8.5%）。Abstract： Induction of allotriploids in the hybrids between Oreochromis niloticus ♀ Sarotherodon melanotheron ♂ was investigated by cold shock. To identify the treatment optima for triploidy induction, the temperature （T）, duration （D） and timing after-fertilization （TA） of cold shocks were altered. In the treatment with 9 ℃ and 30 min duration, when inductions were applied after 10 min, no triploid was found; In the treatment applied 7 min after fertilization and with 30 min duration, 100% triploid rate was found between 5 ℃ to 9 ℃. In the treatment applied 7 min after fertilization and with 9 ℃, when duration time was over 60 min, the hatching rate was 0. Trials suggested the following treatments to be close to the optima：9 ℃, 30 min duration, applied 7 min after fertilization. The triploid rate reached 98. 3% - 100%, the corresponding hatching rate ranged from 17.5 to 19.1%. In most cases, allotriploid individuals were more variable （ hatching rate ： 9.6% - 19.1% ） than diploid hybrid （ hatching rate ： 7.6% - 8.5% ）.

关 键 词：罗非鱼 异源三倍体 冷休克 孵化率 三倍体诱导率 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]