“按劳分配”与“按生产要素分配”的对立与统一  

The Conflict and Unity Between Distribution According to Work and Distributoin According to Factors of Production

作　　者：谢民[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院研究生院,北京102488

出　　处：《商业经济》2015年第2期1-3,共3页Business & Economy

摘　　要："按劳分配"与"按生产要素分配"是马克思政治经济学与新古典经济学的主要分歧之一。以往学者的研究,总是将"按劳分配"与"按生产要素分配"相对立,但通过对生产要素的来源和其再生产过程的分析可以看出:导致两者存在差异的原因并不在于"私人占有",而在于"由谁来占有"。"按劳分配"和"按生产要素分配"是可以实现相统一的。对于社会主义国家,只要坚持自然资源的国有化,任何私人使用都必须有偿取得,且出让自然资源所获得的利益归全民所有,则除劳动力以外的其他生产要素参与分配是间接形式的"按劳分配"。在此条件下,"按生产要素分配"和"按劳分配"的结果是完全一致的,而不应当将两者相对立。The point of distribution according to work and distribution according to factors of production is one of the main differences be- tween Marx＇s Political Economics and new classical economics. Previous scholars believed that distribution according to work and distri- bution according to factors of production were opposite, but the analysis of the source of production factors and the process of reproduction shows that the difference is not caused by private ownership, but by the attribution of ownership. Distribution according to work and distri- bution according to factors of production can be unified. For socialist countries, as long as they stick to nationalization of natural resources, any private use must be paid and gains from transfer of natural resources belong to the whole people. In this connection, besides labor fac- tors, other production factors participate in distribution is an indirect form of distribution according to work. Under these conditions, the result of distribution according to factors of production and distribution according to work is completely consistent; the two should not be in opposition to each other.

关 键 词：收入分配 按劳分配 按生产要素分配 对立与统一 

分 类 号：F113.8[经济管理—国际贸易]