不同亲本细胞质源对甘蔗杂交后代主要性状的影响  

Effects of Different Parental Cytoplasm Source on Main Characters in Sugarcane Hybrid Progenies

作　　者：罗霆[1,2,3] 岑华飞[2,4] 黄玉新[2,4] 张荣华[1,2,3] 刘昔辉[1,2,3] 贤武[1] 雷敬超[1] 周珊[1,2,3] 张革民[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院甘蔗研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,广西南宁530007 [3]农业部广西甘蔗生物技术与遗传改良重点实验室,广西南宁530007 [4]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2015年第3期516-522,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31101195);广西自然科学基金项目(No.2013GXNSFBA019063;No.2014GXNSFBA118118);广西农业科学院科技发展基金(No.2013YT06);广西甘蔗研究所基本科研专项(No.G2010002)

摘　　要：利用4个不同细胞质源的甘蔗亲本配成正反交组合，在对杂种后代进行SSR—PCR真伪鉴别的基础上．对不同组合后代的不同性状进行t检验和差异性比较。结果表明：这7对正反交组合后代的株高、茎径和有效茎数均差异不显著．仅有一对父母本细胞质源相同的正反交组合后代叶绿素含量差异较大：当以细胞质源为BandjarmasimHiram的不同亲本作母本时．子代黑穗病发病率较低，为18．8％和18．9％：当以细胞质源为Badila的崖城58—47作母本时．子代黑穗病发病率较高．为28．8％和28．4％。以细胞质源为BlackCherib011．的不同亲本作母本时，其后代真杂种率在91．7％～98．8％之间，而以细胞质源为BandjaⅡnasimHitam和KaludiaBoothan作母本时，得到真杂种率低于70％的后代群体。说明虽然甘蔗主要农艺性状的细胞核遗传占主导地位．但是不同细胞质源仍在花粉育性和抗病性等方面发挥作用。本文研究了不同细胞质源的甘蔗亲本与甘蔗主要性状遗传表现的相关性．为甘蔗育种利用优异细胞质源以及进一步从分子水平上研究和发掘甘蔗优异细胞质基因奠定基础．Sugarcane varieties with four different cytoplasmic sources were used to combine reciprocal crosses. The characters of various hybrid progenies were analyzed by t test and variance analysis after distinguishing true and false of the hybrid progenies with SSR-PCR. The results showed that, there were not significant difference in height, diameter and number of productive tiller among the 7 pairs of progenies of pros and cons combinations, but the concentration of chlorophyll had a significant difference in only one hybrid progenies from that the cytoplasmic sources of parents was the same. As the female parent containing Bandjarmasim Hitam cytoplasmic source was used to cross, the incidence of smut in offsprings were lower with 18.8% and 18.9% respectively, but when the female parent was YC58-47,containing Badila cytoplasmic source, the incidence of smut in offsprings were highter with 28.8% and 25.4% respectively. The true rate of hybrid progeny with 91.7-98.8% as using the female parent containing Black Cheribon cytoplasm source compared that with less than 70% as the female parent containing Bandjarmasim Hitam and Kaludia Boothan cytoplasmic source. The results suggested that although nuclear genetic was the dominant in the major agronomic traits of sugarcane plant, but cytoplasmic source also play a role in pollen fertility and disease resistance, et al.In this study, the relationship between the parents with different cytoplasmic sources and genetic performance of major agronomic traits in sugarcane was discussed, the result should be provide scientific basic for use of sugarcane breeding with excellent source of cytoplasm, and further researching and exploring of excellent cytoplasm gene on molecular level.

关 键 词：甘蔗 细胞质源 正反交 黑穗病 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]